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Human evaluation of machine translation is in an arms race with translation model quality: as our models get better, our evaluation methods need to be improved to ensure that quality gains are not lost in evaluation noise. To this end, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Parker Riley , Daniel Deutsch , Mara Finkelstein , Colten DiIanni , Juraj Juraska , Markus Freitag

Null pointer exceptions, also known as null dereferences are the number one exceptions in the field. In this paper, we propose 9 alternative execution semantics when a null pointer exception is about to happen. We implement those…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2015-12-24 Benoit Cornu , Thomas Durieux , Lionel Seinturier , Martin Monperrus

Data annotation is the process of labeling data that could be used to train machine learning models. Having high-quality annotation is crucial, as it allows the model to learn the relationship between the input data and the desired output.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Bosheng Ding , Chengwei Qin , Linlin Liu , Yew Ken Chia , Shafiq Joty , Boyang Li , Lidong Bing

A pointer analysis maps the pointers in a program to the memory locations they point to. In this work, we study the effectiveness of the three flavors of pointer analysis namely flow sensitive, flow insensitive, and context sensitive…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-08-12 Komal Pathade

Pre-trained language models have shown excellent results in few-shot learning scenarios using in-context learning. Although it is impressive, the size of language models can be prohibitive to make them usable in on-device applications, such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-27 Navid Rezaei , Marek Z. Reformat

In this article, we describe an approach for automatic detection of noun-adjective agreement errors in Bulgarian texts by explaining the necessary steps required to develop a simple Java-based language processing application. For this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2014-11-04 Nadezhda Borisova , Grigor Iliev , Elena Karashtranova

We introduce a novel approach for inferring natural preconditions from code. Our technique produces preconditions of high quality in terms of both correctness (modulo a test generator) and naturalness. Prior works generate preconditions…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Elizabeth Dinella , Shuvendu Lahiri , Mayur Naik

Recent advances in natural language processing (NLP) have contributed to the development of automated writing evaluation (AWE) systems that can correct grammatical errors. However, while these systems are effective at improving text, they…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Steven Coyne , Diana Galvan-Sosa , Ryan Spring , Camélia Guerraoui , Michael Zock , Keisuke Sakaguchi , Kentaro Inui

NullPointerExceptions (NPEs) are a key source of crashes in modern Java programs. Previous work has shown how such errors can be prevented at compile time via code annotations and pluggable type checking. However, such systems have been…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-07-05 Subarno Banerjee , Lazaro Clapp , Manu Sridharan

Descriptive comments play a crucial role in the software engineering process. They decrease development time, enable better bug detection, and facilitate the reuse of previously written code. However, comments are commonly the last of a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-02 Jessica Moore , Ben Gelman , David Slater

This study illustrates how incorporating feedback-oriented annotations into the scoring pipeline can enhance the accuracy of automated essay scoring (AES). This approach is demonstrated with the Persuasive Essays for Rating, Selecting, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Christopher Ormerod

Most widely-used pre-trained language models operate on sequences of tokens corresponding to word or subword units. By comparison, token-free models that operate directly on raw text (bytes or characters) have many benefits: they can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-09 Linting Xue , Aditya Barua , Noah Constant , Rami Al-Rfou , Sharan Narang , Mihir Kale , Adam Roberts , Colin Raffel

During compilation from Java source code to bytecode, some information is irreversibly lost. In other words, compilation and decompilation of Java code is not symmetric. Consequently, decompilation, which aims at producing source code from…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-05-27 Nicolas Harrand , César Soto-Valero , Martin Monperrus , Benoit Baudry

Python type inference is challenging in practice. Due to its dynamic properties and extensive dependencies on third-party libraries without type annotations, the performance of traditional static analysis techniques is limited. Although…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Siwei Cui , Gang Zhao , Zeyu Dai , Luochao Wang , Ruihong Huang , Jeff Huang

In software engineering (SE) tasks, the naming approach is so important that it attracts many scholars from all over the world to study how to improve the quality of method names. To accurately recommend method names, we employ a novel…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Weidong Wang , Dian Li , Yujian Kang

This paper presents a novel study of parameter-free attentive scoring for speaker verification. Parameter-free scoring provides the flexibility of comparing speaker representations without the need of an accompanying parametric scoring…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Jason Pelecanos , Quan Wang , Yiling Huang , Ignacio Lopez Moreno

Code annotations is a widely used feature in Java systems to configure custom metadata on programming elements. Their increasing presence creates the need for approaches to assess and comprehend their usage and distribution. In this…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Phyllipe Lima , Jorge Melegati , Everaldo Gomes , Nathalya Stefhany Pereira , Eduardo Guerra , Paulo Meirelles

We describe JSAI, an abstract interpreter for JavaScript. JSAI uses novel abstract domains to compute a reduced product of type inference, pointer analysis, string analysis, integer and boolean constant propagation, and control-flow…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2014-03-18 Vineeth Kashyap , Kyle Dewey , Ethan A. Kuefner , John Wagner , Kevin Gibbons , John Sarracino , Ben Wiedermann , Ben Hardekopf

In this paper we discuss how semantic annotations can be used to introduce mathematical algorithmic information of the underlying imperative code to enable compilers to produce code transformations that will enable better performance. By…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2016-03-14 Daniel Rubio Bonilla , Colin W. Glass , Jan Kuper

Supervised training of object detectors requires well-annotated large-scale datasets, whose production is costly. Therefore, some efforts have been made to obtain annotations in economical ways, such as cloud sourcing. However, datasets…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-08 Jiafeng Mao , Qing Yu , Yoko Yamakata , Kiyoharu Aizawa
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