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The elemental and isotopic abundances of volatiles like carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen may trace a planet's formation location relative to H$_2$O, CO$_2$, CO, NH$_3$, and N$_2$ "snowlines", or the distance from the star at which these…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-05 David R. Coria , Neda Hejazi , Ian J. M. Crossfield , Maleah Rhem

It has long been understood that the light curve of a transiting planet constrains the density of its host star. That fact is routinely used to improve measurements of the stellar surface gravity and has been argued to be an independent…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-31 Jason D. Eastman , Hannah Diamond-Lowe , Jamie Tayar

We report near-infrared measurements of the terminator region transmission spectrum and dayside emission spectrum of the exoplanet WASP-12b obtained using the HST WFC3 instrument. The disk-average dayside brightness temperature averages…

Planets form from the same cloud of molecular gas and dust as their host stars. Confirming if planetary bodies acquire the same refractory element composition as their natal disc during formation, and how efficiently volatile elements are…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-08 Claudia Aguilera-Gómez , Laura K. Rogers , Amy Bonsor , Paula Jofré , Simon Blouin , Oliver Shorttle , Andrew M. Buchan , Yuqi Li , Siyi Xu

Infrared radiation emitted from a planet contains information about the chemical composition and vertical temperature profile of its atmosphere. If upper layers are cooler than lower layers, molecular gases will produce absorption features…

We present high-resolution optical transmission spectroscopy of two sub-Saturn mass transiting exoplanets, HAT-P-12b and WASP-69b. With relatively low densities and high atmospheric scale heights, these planets are particularly well-suited…

The newly operational JWST offers the potential to study the atmospheres of distant worlds with precision that has not been achieved before. One of the first exoplanets observed by JWST in the summer of 2022 was WASP-96 b, a hot-Saturn…

Studies of exoplanetary atmospheres have found no definite correlations between observed high altitude aerosols and other system parameters. This could be, in part, because of the lack of homogeneous exoplanet samples for which specific…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-01 Chima D. McGruder , Mercedes López-Morales , Rafael Brahm , Andrés Jordán

White dwarf planetary systems provide a unique way to measure the bulk composition of exoplanetary material. Extrasolar asteroids/comets/moons which have survived the evolution of their host star can end up in the atmosphere of the white…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-25 Siyi Xu , Laura K. Rogers , Simon Blouin

Recent progress in high-resolution transmission spectroscopy has offered new avenues in which to characterise the atmospheres of transiting exoplanets. High-resolution cross-correlation spectroscopy allows for the unambiguous detection of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-11-30 Cathal Maguire , Neale P. Gibson , Stevanus K. Nugroho , Swaetha Ramkumar , Mark Fortune , Stephanie R. Merritt , Ernst de Mooij

There have been previous hints that the transiting planet WASP-3 b is accompanied by a second planet in a nearby orbit, based on small deviations from strict periodicity of the observed transits. Here we present 17 precise radial velocity…

Transit surveys indicate that there is a deficit of Neptune-sized planets on close-in orbits. If this ``Neptune desert' is entirely cleared out by atmospheric mass loss, then planets at its upper edge should only be marginally stable…

We have obtained $> 10$ hours of medium resolution ($R \sim 15000$) spectroscopic exposures on the transiting exoplanet host star WASP-12, including $\sim2$ hours while its planet, WASP-12b, is in transit, with the Hobby-Eberly Telescope…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-09-19 Adam G. Jensen , P. Wilson Cauley , Seth Redfield , William D. Cochran , Michael Endl

We analyze the emission spectrum of the hot Jupiter WASP-12b using our HELIOS-R retrieval code and HELIOS-K opacity calculator. When interpreting Hubble and Spitzer data, the retrieval outcomes are found to be prior-dominated. When the…

We present the first results of an extensive spectroscopic survey of directly imaged planet host stars. The goal of the survey is the measurement of stellar properties and abundances of 15 elements (including C, O, and S) in these stars. In…

Theoretical calculations and some indirect observations show that massive exoplanets on tight orbits must decay due to tidal dissipation within their host stars. This orbital evolution could be observationally accessible through precise…

An important open question in exoplanet studies is whether planets leave detectable chemical fingerprints on their host stars. While several studies have suggested possible planetary chemical signatures in planet-hosting stars, their origin…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-13 Dongwook Lim , Sol Yun , Andreas J. Koch-Hansen , Sang-Hyun Chun , Young Sun Lee , Young-Wook Lee

The population of strongly irradiated Jupiter-sized planets has no equivalent in the Solar System. It is characterised by strongly bloated atmospheres and atmospheric large-scale heights. Recent space-based observations of SO2…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-10-18 J. V. Seidel , B. Prinoth , E. Knudstrup , H. J. Hoeijmakers , J. J. Zanazzi , S. Albrecht

Transmission spectroscopy characterizes the wavelength dependence of transit depth, revealing atmospheric absorption features in planetary terminator regions. In this context, different optical transmission spectra of HAT-P-12b reported in…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-12-11 C. Jiang , G. Chen , E. Palle , F. Murgas , H. Parviainen , F. Yan , Y. Ma

Understanding the formation history of planets is one of the goals of studying exoplanet atmospheres. The atmospheric composition of planets can provide insights into the formation pathways of planets. Even though the mapping of the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-05-21 N. Khorshid , M. Min , J. Polman , L. B. F. M. Waters