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A solution is proposed for the problem of composition of ordinary generating functions. A new class of functions that provides a composition of ordinary generating functions is introduced; main theorems are presented; compositae are written…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-09-15 Kruchinin Vladimir Victorovich

We realize bosonic string theory with ensembles of infinite width neural networks. The string tension is tuned by the variance of the output weights. The construction provides a new computation of the foundational Virasoro-Shapiro and…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-01-13 Samuel Frank , James Halverson

Using a world-sheet covariant formalism, we derive the equations of motion for second order perturbations of a generic macroscopic string, thus generalizing previous results for first order perturbations. We give the explicit results for…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-31 A. L. Larsen , A. Nicolaidis

The variation of spectral subspaces for linear self-adjoint operators under an additive bounded perturbation is considered. The objective is to estimate the norm of the difference of two spectral projections associated with isolated parts…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2022-02-02 Albrecht Seelmann

In this paper we show that in perturbative string theory the genus-one contribution to formal 2-point amplitudes can be related to the genus-zero contribution to 4-point amplitudes. This is achieved by studying special linear combinations…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-04-30 Don Zagier , Federico Zerbini

We show that bosonic strings may be viewed as a particular class of vacua for N=1 superstrings, and N=1 superstrings may be viewed as a particular class of vacua for N=2 strings. Continuing this line of string hierarchies, we are led to…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-26 Nathan Berkovits , Cumrun Vafa

I review the covariant quantization of the critical $N{=}2$ fermionic string with and without a global ${\bf Z}_2$ twist. The BRST analysis yields massless bosonic and fermionic vertex operators in various ghost and picture number sectors,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Olaf Lechtenfeld

We study bosonic and space-time supersymmetric membranes with small tensions corresponding to stretched configurations. Using a generalized lightcone gauge, one may set up a perturbation theory around configurations having zero tension. We…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-11 Jonas Bjornsson , Stephen Hwang

We consider open bosonic strings. The non-interacting multi-string theory is described by certain free string field operators which we construct. These are shown to have local commutators with respect to a center of mass coordinate. The…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 J. Dimock

We consider a superrenomalizable gauge theory of topological type, in which the structure group is equal to the inhomogeneous group ISU(2). The generating functional of the correlation functions of the gauge fields is derived and its…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-04-22 Enore Guadagnini , Federico Rottoli

We give an elementary introduction to classical and quantum bosonic string theory.

Popular Physics · Physics 2009-09-29 A. A. Tseytlin

We provide a non-technical introduction to "misaligned supersymmetry", a generic phenomenon in string theory which describes how the arrangement of bosonic and fermionic states at all string energy levels conspires to preserve finite string…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-09-06 Keith R. Dienes

A spectrum generating algebra is constructed and used to find all the physical states of the $W_3$ string with standard ghost number. These states are shown to have positive norm and their partition function is found to involve the Ising…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-26 Peter West

In this paper we initiate a broad study of some central properties of the string axiverse arising from Calabi-Yau compactifications of the perturbative heterotic $E_8\times E_8$ theory. Along this road toward a heterotic axiverse, we…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-09-05 Jacob M. Leedom , Margherita Putti , Alexander Westphal

We propose a new gauge field theory which is an extension of ordinary string field theory by assembling multiple state spaces of the bosonic string. The theory includes higher spin fields in its massless spectrum together with the infinite…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-17 Masako Asano , Mitsuhiro Kato

We study the covariant free bosonic string field theory and explore its locality (causality) properties. We find covariant string fields which are strictly local and covariant, but act on an unconstrained Hilbert space with an indefinite…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 J. Dimock

The connection between braided Hopf algebra structure and the quantum group covariance of deformed oscillators is constructed explicitly. In this context we provide deformations of the Hopf algebra of functions on SU(1,1). Quantum subgroups…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2009-11-07 A. Yildiz

We investigate the structure of the higher genus topological string amplitudes on the quintic hypersurface. It is shown that the partition functions of the higher genus than one can be expressed as polynomials of five generators. We also…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-10 Satoshi Yamaguchi , Shing-Tung Yau

We consider a Hamiltonian describing the weak decay of the massive vector boson Z0 into electrons and positrons. We show that the spectrum of the Hamiltonian is composed of a unique isolated ground state and a semi-axis of essential…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-01-06 Jean-Marie Barbaroux , Jérémy Faupin , Jean-Claude Guillot

Four-dimensional compactifications of string theory provide a controlled set of possible gauge representations accounting for BSM particles and dark sector components. In this review, constraints from perturbative Type II string…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-11-29 Gabriele Honecker