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Fluctuation theorems are a generalization of thermodynamics on small scales and provide the tools to characterize the fluctuations of thermodynamic quantities in non-equilibrium nanoscale systems. They are particularly important for…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2014-04-03 Jan Gieseler , Romain Quidant , Christoph Dellago , Lukas Novotny

In this paper we formulate a dynamical fluctuation theory for stationary non equilibrium states (SNS) which covers situations in a nonlinear hydrodynamic regime and is verified explicitly in stochastic models of interacting particles. In…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-12-18 L. Bertini , A. De Sole , D. Gabrielli , G. Jona-Lasinio , C. Landim

Stochastic thermodynamics and the associated fluctuation relations provide the means to extend the fundamental laws of thermodynamics to small scales and systems out of equilibrium. The fluctuating thermodynamic variables are usually…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-29 Aki Kutvonen , Tapio Ala-Nissilä , Jukka P. Pekola

We derive a universal bound on the large-deviation functions of particle currents in coherent conductors. This bound depends only on the mean value of the relevant current and the total rate of entropy production required to maintain a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-10-24 Kay Brandner , Keiji Saito

Fluctuations of observables as functions of time, or "fluctuation patterns", are studied in a chaotic microscopically reversible system that has irreversibly reached a nonequilibrium stationary state. Supposing that during a certain, long…

chao-dyn · Physics 2008-10-08 G. Gallavotti

How is it that entropy derivatives almost in their own are characterizing the state of a system close to equilibrium, and what happens further away from it? We explain within the framework of Markov jump processes why fluctuation theory can…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-08-24 Christian Maes , Karel Netočný , Bram Wynants

We experimentally demonstrate that highly structured distributions of work emerge during even the simple task of erasing a single bit. These are signatures of a refined suite of time-reversal symmetries in distinct functional classes of…

The time-reversal symmetry of nonequilibrium fluctuations is experimentally investigated in two out-of-equilibrium systems namely, a Brownian particle in a trap moving at constant speed and an electric circuit with an imposed mean current.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-08-31 David Andrieux , Pierre Gaspard , Sergio Ciliberto , Nicolas Garnier , Sylvain Joubaud , Artyom Petrosyan

We investigate the decomposition of the total entropy production in continuous stochastic dynamics when there are odd-parity variables that change their signs under time reversal. The first component of the entropy production, which…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-01-08 Joonhyun Yeo , Chulan Kwon , Hyun Keun Lee , Hyunggyu Park

We derive the extended fluctuation theorems in presence of multiple measurements and feedback, when the system is governed by Hamiltonian dynamics. We use only the forward phase space trajectories in the derivation. However, to obtain an…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-04-20 Sourabh Lahiri , A. M. Jayannavar

Small nonequilibrium systems in contact with a heat bath can be analyzed with the framework of stochastic thermodynamics. In such systems, fluctuations, which are not negligible, follow universal relations such as the fluctuation theorem.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-10-29 Andre C Barato , Raphael Chetrite , Alessandra Faggionato , Davide Gabrielli

In probability theory, equalities are much less than inequalities. In this paper, we find a series of equalities which characterize the symmetry of the forming times of a family of similar cycles for discrete-time and continuous-time Markov…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-07-21 Chen Jia , Daquan Jiang , Minping Qian

In the context of Markov evolution, we present two original approaches to obtain Generalized Fluctuation-Dissipation Theorems (GFDT), by using the language of stochastic derivatives and by using a family of exponential martingales…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2013-12-04 Raphael Chetrite , Shamik Gupta

We prove the Jarzynski relation for general stochastic processes including non-Markovian systems with memory. The only requirement for our proof is the existence of a stationary state, therefore excluding non-ergodic systems. We then show…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-09-27 Thomas Speck , Udo Seifert

We derive the generalized Green-Kubo relation and an integral form of the fluctuation theorem that apply to uniformly sheared granular systems in which microscopic time-reversal symmetry is broken. The former relation provides an exact…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-06-11 Song-Ho Chong , Michio Otsuki , Hisao Hayakawa

Fluctuation Theorem(FT) has been studied as far from equilibrium theorem, which relates the symmetry of entropy production. To investigate the application of this theorem, especially to biological physics, we consider the FT for tilted…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-10 T. Monnai

An investigation of the distribution of finite time trajectory divergence is performed on an Atmospheric Global Circulation Model. The distribution of the largest local Lyapunov exponent shows a significant probability for negative values…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2015-06-12 Bernd Schalge , Richard Blender , Jeroen Wouters , Klaus Fraedrich , Frank Lunkeit

The Fluctuation Theorem (FT) is a generalisation of the Second Law of Thermodynamics that applies to small systems observed for short times. For thermostatted systems it gives the probability ratio that entropy will be consumed rather than…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-24 Owen Jepps , Denis J. Evans , Debra J. Searles

Based on the recently proposed framework of general relativistic stochastic mechanics [{\em J. Stat. Phys.}, 190:193, 2023; {\em J. Stat. Phys.}, 190:181, 2023] and stochastic thermodynamics [{\em SciPost Physics Core} 7, 082, 2024] at the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-02-05 Yifan Cai , Tao Wang , Liu Zhao

In any Markov chain with finite state space the distribution of transition records always belongs to the exponential family. This observation is used to prove a fluctuation theorem, and to show that the dynamical entropy of a stationary…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-11 Jan Naudts , Erik Van der Straeten
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