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A universal mechanism of superconductivity applicable to ``low temperature'' and ``high temperature'' superconductors is proposed in this paper. With this model of mechanism experimental facts of superconductors can be qualitatively…

Superconductivity · Physics 2007-05-23 W. Z. Shangguan , T. C. Au-Yeung

We study electron transport through a quantum dot in a Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid with an inhomogeneity induced either by a non-uniform electron interaction or by the presence of tunnel resistances of contacts. The non-analytic temperature…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2011-10-10 T. Kleimann , F. Cavaliere , M. Sassetti , B. Kramer

Quantum tunneling allows electrons to be transferred between two regions separated by an energetically forbidden barrier. Performing a position measurement that finds a particle in the barrier forces the tunneling electrons to transition…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-17 Rafael Sánchez , Alok Nath Singh , Andrew N. Jordan , Bibek Bhandari

Superfluid condensation can fundamentally be different from that predicted by the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) theory. In a broad class of low-carrier-density superconductors, such as granular aluminum, doped nitrides, and high-Tc…

Superconductivity · Physics 2024-09-27 L. Pisani , A. G. Moshe , P. Pieri , G. Calvanese Strinati , G. Deutscher

We study theoretically a process of cooling electrons using a superconducting tunnel junction with a $\pi$ phase difference and a usual insulator or a ferroelectric in-between, and an array of such junctions with ferroelectric layers…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-03-11 Linus Aliani , Viktoriia Kornich

The current understanding of the superconductor-insulator transition is discussed level by level in a cyclic spiral-like manner. At the first level, physical phenomena and processes are discussed which, while of no formal relevance to the…

Superconductivity · Physics 2010-04-22 V. F. Gantmakher , V. T. Dolgopolov

Advances in scanning tunneling spectroscopy reveal the presence of superconducting nanoregions well past the bulk thermal transition in strongly disordered superconductors. We use a Monte Carlo tool to capture the spatially differentiated…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2014-06-23 Sabyasachi Tarat , Pinaki Majumdar

We study the thermal transport in magnetic tunnel junctions. Thermal gradients across the tunneling barrier appear around the Fowler-Nordheim tunneling regime, due to the current-induced heat caused by quantum interference. Both…

Materials Science · Physics 2013-08-22 J. F. Feng , D. P. Liu , Q. L. Ma , H. X. Wei , X. F. Han

Superconducting properties of metallic nanowires can be entirely different from those of bulk superconductors because of the dominating role played by thermal and quantum fluctuations of the order parameter. For superconducting wires with…

Superconductivity · Physics 2009-12-16 K. Yu. Arutyunov , D. S. Golubev , A. D. Zaikin

The adsorption and diffusion of hydrogen atoms on Cu(001) are studied using first-principles calculations. By taking into account the contribution of zero-point energy (ZPE), the originally identical barriers are shown to be different for H…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-06-09 Xiaofan Yu , Yangwu Tong , Yong Yang

We demonstrate both theoretically and experimentally two limiting factors in cooling electrons using biased tunnel junctions to extract heat from a normal metal into a superconductor. Firstly, when the injection rate of electrons exceeds…

Superconductivity · Physics 2009-11-10 J. P. Pekola , T. T. Heikkila , A. M. Savin , J. T. Flyktman , F. Giazotto , F. W. J. Hekking

We review recent developments in nonlinear quantum transport through nanostructures and mesoscopic systems driven by thermal gradients or in combination with voltage biases. Low-dimensional conductors are excellent platforms to analyze both…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-11-14 David Sanchez , Rosa Lopez

We explore dissipative quantum tunnelling, a phenomenon central to various physical and chemical processes, using a double-well potential model. This paper aims to bridge gaps in understanding the crossover from thermal activation to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-16 Robson Christie , Jessica Eastman

We investigate the thermoelectric performance of 2D nanojunctions with gate tunable architectures and varying channel lengths from 3 to 12 nm using a combination of first principles simulations, including density functional theory, DFT with…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-10-09 Yu-Chang Chen , Yu-Chen Chang

We study one dimensional chains of superconducting islands with a particular emphasis on the regime in which every second island is switched into its normal state, thus forming a superconductor-insulator-normal metal (S-I-N) repetition…

Superconductivity · Physics 2020-11-06 Eduard Ilin , Irina Burkova , Xiangyu Song , Michael Pak , Dmitri S. Golubev , Alexey Bezryadin

Non-equilibrium quasiparticles are possible sources for decoherence in superconducting qubits because they can lead to energy decay or dephasing upon tunneling across Josephson junctions (JJs). Here, we investigate the impact of the…

The interfaces of quantum Hall insulators with superconductors have emerged as a promising platform to realise interesting physics that may be relevant for topologically protected quantum computing. However, these interfaces can host other…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-10-14 Jordan T. McCourt , John Chiles , Chun-Chia Chen , Kenji Watanabe , Takashi Tanaguchi , Francois Amet , Gleb Finkelstein

Quantum tunneling of the superconducting order parameter gives rise to the phase slippage process which controls the resistance of ultra-thin superconducting wires at sufficiently low temperatures. If the quantum phase slip rate is high,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Dmitri S. Golubev , Andrei D. Zaikin

Scanning tunneling spectroscopy measurements of superconducting thin lanthanum films grown on a normal metal tungsten substrate reveal an extraordinarily large broadening of the coherence peaks. The observed broadening corresponds to very…

Superconductivity · Physics 2016-04-14 P. Löptien , L. Zhou , A. A. Khajetoorians , J. Wiebe , R. Wiesendanger

Quantum thermodynamics aims at extending standard thermodynamics and non-equilibrium statistical physics to systems with sizes well below the thermodynamic limit. A rapidly evolving research field, which promises to change our understanding…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-23 Fabrizio Cleri