Related papers: Quadratic Tangles in Planar Algebras
Starting from a description of various generalized function algebras based on sequence spaces, we develop the general framework for considering linear problems with singular coefficients or non linear problems. Therefore, we prove…
Transversal structures (also known as regular edge labelings) are combinatorial structures defined over 4-connected plane triangulations with quadrangular outer-face. They have been intensively studied and used for many applications…
We develop the noncommutative geometry (bundles, connections etc.) associated to algebras that factorise into two subalgebras. An example is the factorisation of matrices $M_2(\C)=\C\Z_2\cdot\C\Z_2$. We also further extend the coalgebra…
We show that c-planarity is solvable in quadratic time for flat clustered graphs with three clusters if the combinatorial embedding of the underlying graph is fixed. In simpler graph-theoretical terms our result can be viewed as follows.…
To study embeddings of tangles in knots, we use quandle cocycle invariants. Computations are carried out for the tables of knots and tangles, to investigate which tangles may or may not embed in knots in the tables.
For every integer $\ell$, we construct a cubic 3-vertex-connected planar bipartite graph $G$ with $O(\ell^3)$ vertices such that there is no planar straight-line drawing of $G$ whose vertices all lie on $\ell$ lines. This strengthens…
Given a planar graph $G$, we consider drawings of $G$ in the plane where edges are represented by straight line segments (which possibly intersect). Such a drawing is specified by an injective embedding $\pi$ of the vertex set of $G$ into…
We define a class of associative algebras generalizing 'clannish algebras', as introduced by the second author, but also incorporating semilinear structure, like a skew polynomial ring. Clannish algebras generalize the well known 'string…
We consider a certain tiling problem of a planar region in which there are no long horizontal or vertical strips consisting of copies of the same tile. Intuitively speaking, we would like to create a dappled pattern with two or more kinds…
We define a certain abstract planar algebra by generators and relations, study various aspects of its structure, and then identify it with Jones' spin planar algebra.
We define the fundamental quandle of a spatial graph and several invariants derived from it. In the category of graph tangles, we define an invariant based on the walks in the graph and cocycles from nonabelian quandle cohomology.
We introduce a notion of ternary distributive algebraic structure, give examples, and relate it to the notion of a quandle. Classification is given for low order structures of this type. Constructions of such structures from ternary…
This paper is devoted to qualgebras and squandles, which are quandles enriched with a compatible binary/unary operation. Algebraically, they are modeled after groups with conjugation and multiplication/squaring operations. Topologically,…
A quantitative model of concurrent interaction is introduced. The basic objects are linear combinations of partial order relations, acted upon by a group of permutations that represents potential non-determinism in synchronisation. This…
Scattering of a scalar particle on a crystalline plane with quadratic cell and identical fixed scatterers is solved precisely. Contradiction of the standard scattering theory is pointed out.
We construct quadratic quantum algebra based on the dynamical RLL-relation for the quantum $R$-matrix related to $SL(NM)$-bundles with nontrivial characteristic class over elliptic curve. This $R$-matrix generalizes simultaneously the…
In this paper, we give polynomial-time algorithms that can take a graph G with a given combinatorial embedding on an orientable surface S of genus g and produce a planar drawing of G in R^2, with a bounding face defined by a polygonal…
To investigate the topological structure of Morse flows on the 2-disk we use the planar graphs as destinguished graph of the flow. We assume, that the flow is transversal to the boundary of the 2-disk. We give a list of all planar graph…
Given a plane graph $G$ (i.e., a planar graph with a fixed planar embedding) and a simple cycle $C$ in $G$ whose vertices are mapped to a convex polygon, we consider the question whether this drawing can be extended to a planar…
We analyze wave propagation in coupled planar waveguides, pointing specific attention to modal cross-talk and out-of-plane scattering in quasi-planar photonics. An algorithm capable of accurate numerical computation of wave coupling in…