English
Related papers

Related papers: Complexity: The bigger picture

200 papers

Numerous definitions for complexity have been proposed over the last half century, with little consensus achieved on how to use the term. A definition of complexity is supplied here that is closely related to the Kolmogorov Complexity and…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2007-05-23 Russell K. Standish

This article summarises a Web-book on "Complexity" that was developed to introduce undergraduate students to interesting complex systems in the biological, physical and social sciences, and the common tools, principles and concepts used for…

Physics Education · Physics 2007-05-23 Rajesh R. Parwani

The science of complexity is far from being fully understood and even its foundations are not well established. On the other hand, during the last decade, the random motion of particles or waves - the so-called diffusion - has been known…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-08-14 Guilherme R. Rezende , Luciano C. Lapas , Fernando A. Oliveira

Complexity remains one of the central challenges in science and technology. Although several approaches at defining and/or quantifying complexity have been proposed, at some point each of them seems to run into intrinsic limitations or…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-10-05 Luciano da F. Costa , Guilherme S. Domingues

Except for crystalline or random structures, an agreed definition of complexity for intermediate and hence interesting cases does not exist. We fill this gap with a notion of complexity that characterises shapes formed by any finite number…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-05-14 Julian Barbour , Zaza Doborjginidze , Tim Koslowski , Hemant Shukla

The science of complexity is based on a new way of thinking that stands in sharp contrast to the philosophy underlying Newtonian science, which is based on reductionism, determinism, and objective knowledge. This paper reviews the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2008-07-29 Francis Heylighen , Paul Cilliers , Carlos Gershenson

The word "complexity" is most often used as a meta--linguistic expression referring to certain intuitive characteristics of a natural system and/or its scientific description. These characteristics may include: sheer amount of data that…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2013-01-03 Yuri I. Manin

In their position paper entitled "Towards a new, complexity science of learning and education", Jorg et al. (2007) argue that educational research is in crisis. In their opinion, the transdisciplinary and interdiscursive approach of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-11-10 Loet Leydesdorff

Even when concepts similar to emergence have been used since antiquity, we lack an agreed definition. However, emergence has been identified as one of the main features of complex systems. Most would agree on the statement ``life is…

General Physics · Physics 2025-12-22 Carlos Gershenson

This chapter serves as an introduction to systems engineering focused on the broad issues surrounding realizing complex integrated systems. What is a system? We pose a number of possible definitions and perspectives, but leave open the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-18 John W. Sheppard

A strong link between complexity theory and literature is possible, i.e. feasible, under one proviso, namely that total novels be considered. However, neither in literature at large nor in complexity science has been literature seriously…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-05-07 Carlos Eduardo Maldonado

The evolution of complexity has been a central theme for Biology and Artificial Life (Bonner, 1988; Bedau et al., 2000). Complexification has been interpreted in different ways: as a process of diversification between evolving units…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2007-05-23 Carlos Gershenson , Tom Lenaerts

Complex Systems were identified and studied in different fields, such as physics, biology, and economics. These systems exhibit exciting properties such as self-organization, robust order, and emergence. In recent years, software systems…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Jan Žižka , Bruno Rossi , Tomáš Pitner

Classic economic science is reaching the limits of its explanatory powers. Complexity science uses an increasingly larger set of different methods to analyze physical, biological, cultural, social, and economic factors, providing a broader…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2017-07-11 Klaus Jaffe

Complexity is a measure of information content. Crystalline materials are not complex systems because their structures can be represented tersely using the language of crystallography. Disordered materials are also structurally simple if…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2025-09-12 Andrew L. Goodwin

We present several philosophical ideas emerging from the studies of complex systems. We make a brief introduction to the basic concepts of complex systems, for then defining "abstraction levels". These are useful for representing…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2007-05-23 Carlos Gershenson

This is an essay about understanding complexity science, via some peculiarities of the field, as a meeting place for a special kind of scientist. It comes out of my hobby of reading popular-science complex systems books, and builds on notes…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-01-12 Petter Holme

Nature's many varied complex systems (including galaxies, stars, planets, life, and society) are islands of order within the increasingly disordered universe. All organized systems are subject to physical, biological or cultural evolution,…

Popular Physics · Physics 2014-06-12 Eric J. Chaisson

The rising complexity of our terrestrial surrounding is an empirical fact. Details of this process evaded description in terms of physics for long time attracting attention and creating myriad of ideas including non-scientific ones. In this…

Popular Physics · Physics 2017-03-10 Michal Mandrysz , Jakub Mielczarek

This paper is concerned with complex macroscopic behaviour arising in many-body systems through the combinations of competitive interactions and disorder, even with simple ingredients at the microscopic level. It attempts to indicate and…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2015-05-13 David Sherrington