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The Clifford group plays a central role in quantum information science. It is the building block for many error-correcting schemes and matches the first three moments of the Haar measure over the unitary group -a property that is essential…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-17 Lennart Bittel , Jens Eisert , Lorenzo Leone , Antonio A. Mele , Salvatore F. E. Oliviero

Quantum computers promise to solve problems that are intractable for classical computers, but qubits are vulnerable to many sources of error, limiting the depth of the circuits that can be reliably executed on today's quantum hardware.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-04 Daniel Honciuc Menendez , Annie Ray , Michael Vasmer

In quantum information science, Clifford operators and stabilizer codes play a central role for systems of qubits (or qudits). In this paper, we study their analogues for systems composed of Majorana fermions. In this case, a crucial role…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-09 Valérie Bettaque , Brian Swingle

The coming quantum computation is forcing us to reexamine the cryptosystems people use. We are applying graph colorings of topological coding to modern information security and future cryptography against supercomputer and quantum computer…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-07-08 Bing Yao , Xiaohui Zhang , Hui Sun , Jing Su , Fei Ma , Hongyu Wang

Some connections between quadratic forms over the field of two elements, Clifford algebras of quadratic forms over the real numbers, real graded division algebras, and twisted group algebras will be highlighted. This allows to revisit real…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2020-02-28 Alberto Elduque , Adrián Rodrigo-Escudero

Non-semisimple extensions of the Ising anyon model developed in our previous work enable universal topological quantum computation via braiding alone, overcoming the Clifford-only limitation of semisimple theories. The non-semisimple theory…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-23 Filippo Iulianelli , Sung Kim , Joshua Sussan , Aaron D. Lauda

Majorana fermions and their generalizations to $\mathbb{Z}_n$ parafermions are considered promising building blocks of fault-tolerant quantum computers for their ability to encode quantum information nonlocally. In such topological quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-05 Ali Hamed Safwan , Raditya Weda Bomantara

We prove that on any two-dimensional lattice of qudits of a prime dimension, every translation invariant Pauli stabilizer group with local generators and with code distance being the linear system size, is decomposed by a local Clifford…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-06 Jeongwan Haah

We introduce magic-augmented Clifford circuits -- architectures in which Clifford circuits are preceded and/or followed by constant-depth circuits of non-Clifford (``magic") gates -- as a resource-efficient way to realize approximate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-09 Yuzhen Zhang , Sagar Vijay , Yingfei Gu , Yimu Bao

We introduce group surface codes, which are a natural generalization of the $\mathbb{Z}_2$ surface code, and equivalent to quantum double models of finite groups with specific boundary conditions. We show that group surface codes can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-06 Naren Manjunath , Vieri Mattei , Apoorv Tiwari , Tyler D. Ellison

A fundamental problem of fault-tolerant quantum computation with quantum low-density parity-check (qLDPC) codes is the tradeoff between connectivity and universality. It is widely believed that in order to perform native logical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-13 Guanyu Zhu , Ryohei Kobayashi , Po-Shen Hsin

Motivated by their central role in fault-tolerant quantum computation, we study the sets of gates of the third-level of the Clifford hierarchy and their distinguished subsets of `nearly diagonal' semi-Clifford gates. The Clifford hierarchy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-30 Imin Chen , Nadish de Silva

This paper introduces a novel abstraction for programming quantum operations, specifically projective Cliffords, as functions over the qudit Pauli group. Generalizing the idea behind Pauli tableaux, we introduce a type system and lambda…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-03 Jennifer Paykin , Sam Winnick

This paper introduces Claycode, a novel 2D scannable code designed for extensive stylization and deformation. Unlike traditional matrix-based codes (e.g., QR codes), Claycodes encode their message in a tree structure. During the encoding…

Graphics · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Marco Maida , Alberto Crescini , Marco Perronet , Elena Camuffo

We construct linear codes over the finite field Fq from arbitrary simplicial complexes, establishing a connection between topological properties and fundamental coding parameters. First, we study the behaviour of the weights of codewords…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Antonio Jesús Lorite López , Daniel Camazón Portela , Juan Antonio López Ramos

Incorporating geometric inductive biases into models can aid interpretability and generalization, but encoding to a specific geometric structure can be challenging due to the imposed topological constraints. In this paper, we theoretically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Babak Esmaeili , Robin Walters , Heiko Zimmermann , Jan-Willem van de Meent

We present an entirely 2D transversal realization of phase gates at any level of the Clifford hierarchy, and beyond, using non-Abelian surface codes. Our construction encodes a logical qubit in the quantum double $D(G)$ of a non-Abelian…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-19 Alison Warman , Sakura Schafer-Nameki

The two-dimensional color code is an alternative to the toric code that encodes more logical qubits while maintaining crucial features of the $\mathbb{Z}_2\times\mathbb{Z}_2$ toric code in the long wavelength limit. However its short range…

The state-of-the-art error correcting codes are based on large random constructions (random graphs, random permutations, ...) and are decoded by linear-time iterative algorithms. Because of these features, they are remarkable examples of…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2016-08-31 Silvio Franz , Michele Leone , Andrea Montanari , Federico Ricci-Tersenghi

A powerful feature of stabiliser error correcting codes is the fact that stabiliser measurement projects arbitrary errors to Pauli errors, greatly simplifying the physical error correction process as well as classical simulations of code…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-25 Thomas R. Scruby , Michael Vasmer , Dan E. Browne