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The X-ray light curves of the early afterglow phase from gamma-ray bursts present a puzzling variability, including flares. The origin of these flares is still debated, and often associated with a late activity of the central engine. We…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-12-27 Astrid Lamberts , Frédéric Daigne

Long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are commonly accepted to originate in the explosion of particularly massive stars, which gives rise to a highly relativistic jet. Internal inhomogeneities in the expanding flow give rise to internal shock waves…

We present optical and near-infrared follow-up observations of the X-Ray Flash (XRF) of July 23 2003. Our observations in the R-band cover the temporal range from 4.2 h to 64 days after the high energy event. We also present the results of…

The afterglows to gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are due to synchrotron emission from shocks generated as an ultra-relativistic outflow decelerates. A forward and a reverse shock will form, however, where emission from the forward shock is well…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-09-04 Gavin P Lamb , Shiho Kobayashi

The steepening (break) of the power-law fall-off observed in the optical emission of some GRB afterglows at epoch ~1 day is often attributed to a collimated outflow (jet), undergoing lateral spreading. Wider opening GRB ejecta with a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-30 A. Panaitescu

Based on the refined dynamical model proposed by us earlier for beamed $\gamma$-ray burst ejecta, we carry out detailed numerical procedure to study those $\gamma$-ray bursts with rapidly fading afterglows (i.e., $\sim t^{-2}$). It is found…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Y. F. Huang , Z. G. Dai , T. Lu

Gamma ray burst (GRB) afterglow light curves have the potential to inform us about presently unobserved stages in the aftermath of a neutron star merger. Using numerical simulations of short GRB afterglows we obtain an approximate…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-05-07 Muhammed Diyaddin Ilhan , Kai Schwenzer

The detection of gravitational waves together with their electromagnetic counterpart, in the gamma-ray burst GRB 170817A, marked a new era of multi-messenger astronomy. Several theoretical models have been proposed to explain the atypical…

We present a comprehensive temporal and spectral analysis of the long-duration gamma-ray burst GRB 110801A, utilizing multi-band data from the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory and ground-based telescopes. The $\gamma$-ray emission exhibits a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-07 Qiu-Li Wang , Hao Zhou , Yun Wang , Jia Ren , Zhi-Ping Jin , Da-Ming Wei

Recently, X-ray emission lines have been observed in X-ray afterglows of several $\gamma$-ray bursts. It is a major breakthrough for understanding the nature of the progenitors. It is proposed that the X-ray emission lines can be well…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 W. H. Gao , D. M. Wei

In the set of 236 GRB afterglows observed by Swift between January 2005 and March 2007, we identify 30 X-ray light-curves whose power-law fall-off exhibit a steepening ("break") at 0.1-10 day after trigger, to a decay steeper than t^{-1.5}.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-16 A. Panaitescu

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are generally believed to occur in environments where the surrounding medium is either a uniform interstellar medium (ISM) or, in some cases, a dense stellar wind from a massive progenitor. Recently, GRB 191019A has…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-12-10 Xiao-Hong Zhao

Using deep and high-cadence gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglow data from RATIR, we observe a sharp and achromatic light curve break 12.6 days after the GRB, accompanied by an approximately achromatic bump. Fitting of the optical, NIR, and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-03-06 Robert Strausbaugh , Nathaniel Butler , William H. Lee , Eleonora Troja , Alan M. Watson

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), associated with the collapse of massive stars or the collisions of compact objects, are the most luminous events in our universe. However, there is still much to learn about the nature of the relativistic jets…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-08-10 Celia R. Tandon , Nicole M. Lloyd-Ronning

We present simple analytical expressions for the predicted spectral and temporal behavior of the early afterglow radiation from gamma-ray bursts in radiative regimes intermediate between the adiabatic and the fully radiative solutions of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 M. Boettcher , C. D. Dermer

There has been increasing evidence that at least some GRBs are emission beamed. The beamed GRB afterglow evolution has been discussed by several authors in the ultra-relativistic case. It has been shown that the dynamics of the blast wave…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 D. M. Wei , T. Lu

Afterglows of gamma-ray bursts are observed to produce light curves with the flux following power law evolution in time. However, recent observations reveal bright flares at times on the order of minutes to days. One proposed explanation…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2013-08-23 Ilana Gat , Hendrik van Eerten , Andrew MacFadyen

The X-ray afterglows (AGs) of Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) and X-Ray Flashes (XRFs) have, after the fast decline phase of their prompt emission, a temporal behaviour varying between two extremes. A large fraction of these AGs has a 'canonical'…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Shlomo Dado , Arnon Dar , A. De Rujula

The successful discovery of X-ray, optical and radio afterglows of gamma-ray bursts has significantly helped our understanding of these sources, and made possible the identification of host galaxies at cosmological distances. The energy…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 P. Meszaros