Related papers: Methods of optimizing X-ray optical prescriptions …
Automatic crystal orientation determination and orientation mapping are important tools for research on polycrystalline materials. The most common methods of automatic orientation determination rely on detecting and indexing individual…
The optics of a number of future X-ray telescopes will have very long focal lengths (10 - 20 m), and will consist of a number of nested/stacked thin, grazing-incidence mirrors. The optical quality characterization of a real mirror can be…
This paper presents and validates a novel lung nodule classification algorithm that uses multifractal features found in X-ray images. The proposed method includes a pre-processing step where two enhancement techniques are applied: histogram…
Stray light in X-ray telescopes is a well-known issue. Unlike rays focused via a double reflection by usual grazing-incidence geometries such as the Wolter-I, stray rays coming from off-axis sources are reflected only once by either the…
A novel approach for measuring linear X-ray polarization over a broad-band using conventional imaging optics and cameras is described. A new type of high efficiency grating, called the critical angle transmission grating is used to disperse…
This paper concerns the approximation of smooth, high-dimensional functions from limited samples using polynomials. This task lies at the heart of many applications in computational science and engineering - notably, some of those arising…
Purpose: Optical imaging is evolving as a key technique for advanced sensing in the operating room. Recent research has shown that machine learning algorithms can be used to address the inverse problem of converting pixel-wise multispectral…
We study a general class of convex submodular optimization problems with indicator variables. Many applications such as the problem of inferring Markov random fields (MRFs) with a sparsity or robustness prior can be naturally modeled in…
We consider the following basic problem: given an $n$-variate degree-$d$ homogeneous polynomial $f$ with real coefficients, compute a unit vector $x \in \mathbb{R}^n$ that maximizes $|f(x)|$. Besides its fundamental nature, this problem…
A thresholded Gaussian random field model is developed for the microstructure of porous materials. Defining the random field as a solution to stochastic partial differential equation allows for flexible modelling of non-stationarities in…
The detection of anisotropies with respect to a given direction in a vector field is a common problem in astronomy. Several methods have been proposed that rely on the distribution of the acute angles between the data and a reference…
X-ray tomographic reconstruction typically uses voxel basis functions to represent volumetric images. Due to the structure in voxel basis representations, efficient ray-tracing methods exist allowing fast, GPU accelerated implementations.…
Metalenses are composed of nanostructures for focusing light and have been widely explored in many exciting applications. However, their expanding dimensions pose simulation challenges. We propose a method to simulate metalenses in a timely…
Reflected diffusions in polyhedral domains are commonly used as approximate models for stochastic processing networks in heavy traffic. Stationary distributions of such models give useful information on the steady state performance of the…
Symbolic task planning for robots is computationally challenging due to the combinatorial complexity of the possible action space. This fact is amplified if there are several sub-goals to be achieved due to the increased length of the…
We describe a full-field coherent imaging approach suitable for hard X-rays based on a classical (i.e. Galilean) X-ray microscope. The method combines a series of low-resolution images acquired at different transverse lens positions into a…
The progression of X-ray technology introduces diverse image styles that need to be adapted to the preferences of radiologists. To support this task, we introduce a novel deep learning-based metric that quantifies style differences of…
Simulation-guided design represents a fundamental contribution towards the development of modern semiconductor devices aiming to reach high-performance particle detection, identification and tracking, and constitutes a strategic element of…
We introduce a structured illumination technique for dark-field x-ray microscopy optimized for three-dimensional imaging of ordered materials at sub-micrometer length scales. Our method utilizes a coded aperture to spatially modulate the…
Fluorescence microscopy is indispensable in nanoscience and biological sciences. The versatility of labeling target structures with fluorescent dyes permits to visualize structure and function at a subcellular resolution with a wide field…