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The integrand of any multi-loop integral is characterised after Feynman parametrisation by two polynomials. In this review we summarise the properties of these polynomials. Topics covered in this article include among others: Spanning trees…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-05-18 Christian Bogner , Stefan Weinzierl

Dodgson polynomials appear in Schwinger parametric Feynman integrals and are closely related to the well known Kirchhoff (or first Symanzik) polynomial. In this article a new combinatorial interpretation and a generalisation of Dodgson…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2018-10-16 Marcel Golz

Symanzik polynomials are defined on Feynman graphs and they are used in quantum field theory to compute Feynman amplitudes. They also appear in mathematics from different perspectives. For example, recent results show that they allow to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-01-22 Matthieu Piquerez

Correlation functions in quantum field theory are calculated using Feynman amplitudes, which are finite dimensional integrals associated to graphs. The integrand is the exponential of the ratio of the first and second Symanzik polynomials…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-09-20 Omid Amini

This expository text is an invitation to the relation between quantum field theory Feynman integrals and periods. We first describe the relation between the Feynman parametrization of loop amplitudes and world-line methods, by explaining…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-07-14 Pierre Vanhove

Given a matroid or flag of matroids we introduce several broad classes of polynomials satisfying Deletion-Contraction identities, and study their singularities. There are three main families of polynomials captured by our approach:…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2024-04-12 Daniel Bath , Uli Walther

We review an approach for the computation of Feynman integrals by use of multiple polylogarithms, with an emphasis on the related criterion of linear reducibility of the graph. We show that the set of graphs which satisfies the linear…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2013-02-26 Christian Bogner , Martin Lüders

We investigate combinatorial properties of a graph polynomial indexed by half-edges of a graph which was introduced recently to understand the connection between Feynman rules for scalar field theory and Feynman rules for gauge theory. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-07-24 Dirk Kreimer , Karen Yeats

In these lectures I discuss Feynman graphs and the associated Feynman integrals. Of particular interest are the classes functions, which appear in the evaluation of Feynman integrals. The most prominent class of functions is given by…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2013-01-30 Stefan Weinzierl

The study of Feynman rules is much facilitated by the two Symanzik polynomials, homogeneous polynomials based on edge variables for a given Feynman graph. We review here the role of a recently discovered third graph polynomial based on…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-07-09 Dirk Kreimer

Whitney's 2-Isomorphism Theorem characterises when two graphs have isomorphic cycle matroids. We present an analogue of this theorem for graphs embedded in surfaces by characterising when two graphs in surface have isomorphic…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-10-11 Iain Moffatt , Jaeseong Oh

For a graph embedded into a surface, we relate many combinatorial parameters of the cycle matroid of the graph and the bond matroid of the dual graph with the topological parameters of the embedding. This will give an expression of the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-03-17 R. Askanazi , S. Chmutov , C. Estill , J. Michel , P. Stollenwerk

We primarily investigate the properties of characteristic polynomials of semimatroids. In particular, we provide a combinatorial interpretation of their coefficients, generalizing the Whitney's Broken Circuit Theorem. We also prove that the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-03 Houshan Fu

In recent years enormous progress has been made in perturbative quantum field theory by applying methods of algebraic geometry to parametric Feynman integrals for scalar theories. The transition to gauge theories is complicated not only by…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2017-09-14 Marcel Golz

The parametric representation has been used since a long time for the evaluation of Feynman diagrams. As a dimension independent intermediate representation, it allows a clear description of singularities. Recently, it has become a choice…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-02-07 Marc P. Bellon

We study the dual graph polynomials and the case when a Feynman graph has no triangles but has a 4-face. This leads to the proof of the duality-admissibility of all graphs up to 18 loops. As a consequence, the $c_2$ invariant is the same…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2015-08-17 Dmitry Doryn

Work is reported on finite integral representations for 2-loop massive 2-, 3- and 4-point functions, using orthogonal and parallel space variables. It is shown that this can be utilized to cover particles with arbitrary spin (tensor…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-02-03 Dirk Kreimer

We review quantization of gauge fields using algebraic properties of 3-regular graphs. We derive the Feynman integrand at n loops for a non-abelian gauge theory quantized in a covariant gauge from scalar integrands for connected 3-regular…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-11 Dirk Kreimer , Matthias Sars , Walter D. van Suijlekom

Copositive matrices and copositive polynomials are objects from optimization. We connect these to the geometry of Feynman integrals in physics. The integral is guaranteed to converge if its kinematic parameters lie in the copositive cone.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-06-24 Bernd Sturmfels , Máté L. Telek

The mutually enriching relationship between graphs and matroids has motivated discoveries in both fields. In this paper, we exploit the similar relationship between embedded graphs and delta-matroids. There are well-known connections…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-03-04 Carolyn Chun , Iain Moffatt , Steven D. Noble , Ralf Rueckriemen
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