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After a dynamically active emergence phase, magnetic flux at the solar surface soon ceases to show strong signs of the subsurface dynamics of its parent magnetic structure. This indicates that some kind of disconnection of the emerged flux…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 M. Schuessler , M. Rempel

The topology of the coronal magnetic field produces a strong impact on the properties of the solar corona and presumably on the origin of the slow solar wind. To advance our understanding of this impact, we revisit the concept of so-called…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-03-04 R. Lionello , V. S. Titov , Z. Mikić , J. A. Linker

It is widely believed that loops observed in the solar atmosphere trace out magnetic field lines. However, the degree to which magnetic field extrapolations yield field lines that actually do follow loops has yet to be studied…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-06-27 Harry P. Warren , Nicholas A. Crump , Ignacio Ugarte-Urra , Xudong Sun , Markus J. Aschwanden , Thomas Wiegelmann

Observations have shown a clear association of filament/prominence eruptions with the emergence of magnetic flux in or near filament channels. Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations have been employed to systematically study the conditions…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-12-22 T. Török , M. G. Linton , J. E. Leake , Z. Mikić , R. Lionello , V. S. Titov , C. Downs

We present results of 2.5D numerical simulations of the emergence of sub-surface magnetic flux into the solar atmosphere, with emerging flux regions ranging from $10^{18}$ to $10^{21}$ Mx, representing both ephemeral and active regions. We…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-12 James E. Leake , Mark G. Linton

We studied 101 flux emergence events ranging from small ephemeral regions to large emerging flux regions which were observed with Hinode Solar Optical Telescope filtergram. We investigated how the total magnetic flux of the emergence event…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 Kenichi Otsuji , Reizaburo Kitai , Kiyoshi Ichimoto , Kazunari Shibata

Current models of the solar wind must approximate (or ignore) the small-scale dynamics within the solar atmosphere, however these are likely important in shaping the emerging wave-turbulence spectrum and ultimately heating/accelerating the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-09-28 Adam J. Finley , Sacha A. Brun , Mats Carlsson , Mikolaj Szydlarski , Viggo Hansteen , Munehito Shoda

This review provides an introduction to the generation and evolution of the Sun's magnetic field, summarising both observational evidence and theoretical models. The eleven year solar cycle, which is well known from a variety of observed…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2011-10-17 Alan W. Hood , David W. Hughes

Solar atmospheric elemental abundances are now known to vary both in space and time. Dynamic modeling of these changes is therefore necessary to improve the accuracy of radiative hydrodynamic simulations. Recent studies have shown that…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-13 David H. Brooks , Jeffrey W. Reep , Andy S. H. To , Luke Fushimi Benavitz , Lucas A. Tarr

We present a follow up study of the sensitivity of the Earth's magnetosphere to solar wind activity using a particles-in-cell model [Baraka and Ben Jaffel, 2007], but here during northward IMF. The formation of the magnetospheric cavity and…

Space Physics · Physics 2011-01-06 Suleiman Baraka , Lotfi Ben-Jaffel

Solar coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are main drivers of the most powerful non-recurrent geomagnetic storms. In the extreme-ultraviolet range, CMEs are accompanied by bright post-eruption arcades and dark dimmings. The analysis of events of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-29 I. M. Chertok , M. A. Abunina , A. A. Abunin , A. V. Belov , V. V. Grechnev

The extended minimum of Solar Cycle 23, the extremely quiet solar-wind conditions prevailing, and the mini-maximum of Solar Cycle 24 drew global attention and many authors have since attempted to predict the amplitude of the upcoming Solar…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-12-07 K. Sasikumar Raja , P. Janardhan , Susanta Kumar Bisoi , Madhusudan Ingale , Prasad Subramanian , K. Fujiki , Milan Maksimovic

We investigate which scalar quantity or quantities can best predict the loss of equilibrium and subsequent eruption of magnetic flux ropes in the solar corona. Our models are initialized with a potential magnetic arcade, which is then…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-29 Oliver E. K. Rice , Anthony R. Yeates

The formation of the MFRs in the pre-flare stage, and how this leads to coronal rain in a post-eruption magnetic loop is not fully understood. We explore the formation, and eruption of MFRs, followed by the appearance of coronal rain in the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-07 Samrat Sen , Avijeet Prasad , Valeriia Liakh , Rony Keppens

This paper is the second in a series of studies working towards constructing a realistic, evolving, non-potential coronal model for the solar magnetic carpet. In the present study, the interaction of two magnetic elements is considered. Our…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2012-11-19 K. A. Meyer , D. H. Mackay , A. A. van Ballegooijen

There has been a long-lasting debate on the question of whether or not electric currents in solar active regions are neutralized. That is, whether or not the main (or direct) coronal currents connecting the active region polarities are…

Solar eruptive events such as coronal mass ejections and eruptive flares are frequently associated with the emergence of magnetic flux from the convection zone into the corona. We use three dimensional magnetohydrodynamic numerical…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-07-27 James Leake , Mark Linton , Spiro Antiochos

Presently, many models of the coronal magnetic field rely on photospheric vector magnetograms but these data have been shown to be problematic as the sole boundary information for nonlinear force-free field (NLFFF) extrapolations. Magnetic…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-06-29 A. Malanushenko , C. J. Schrijver , M. L. DeRosa , M. S. Wheatland , S. A. Gilchrist

The polarity of the toroidal magnetic field in the solar convection zone periodically reverses in the course of the 11/22-year solar cycle. Among the various processes that contribute to the removal of `old-polarity' toroidal magnetic flux…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-08 R. H. Cameron , M. Schuessler

To estimate the hemispheric flux generation rate of the large-scale radial magnetic field in the Solar Cycles 23 and 24, we use the photospheric observations of the solar magnetic fields and results of the mean-field dynamo models. Results…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-12 V. V. Pipin