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Stop-and-go waves are commonly observed in traffic and pedestrian flows. In most traffic models they occur through a phase transition after fine tuning of parameters when the model has unstable homogeneous solutions. Inertia effects are…
Nonequilibrium phase transitions are routinely observed in both natural and synthetic systems. The ubiquity of these transitions highlights the conspicuous absence of a general theory of phase coexistence that is broadly applicable to both…
The progress of image processing during recent years allows the measurement of pedestrian characteristics on a "microscopic" scale with low costs. However, density and flow are concepts of fluid mechanics defined for the limit of infinitely…
In this paper we systematically apply the mathematical structures by time-evolving measures developed in a previous work to the macroscopic modeling of pedestrian flows. We propose a discrete-time Eulerian model, in which the space…
We study the relation between the average traffic flow and the vehicle density on road networks that we call 2D-traffic fundamental diagram. We show that this diagram presents mainly four phases. We analyze different cases. First, the case…
Classical second order models of pedestrian dynamics, like the social-force model, suffer from various unrealistic behaviors in the dynamics, e.g. backward motion, oscillations and overlapping of pedestrians. These effects are not related…
In recent years modelling crowd and evacuation dynamics has become very important, with increasing huge numbers of people gathering around the world for many reasons and events. The fact that our global population grows dramatically every…
We present a model of traffic flow, with rules that describe the behaviour of automated vehicles in an open system. We show first of all that the fundamental diagram of this system collapses to a point, where states of free and jammed…
Due to the complexity of the traffic flow dynamics in urban road networks, most quantitative descriptions of city traffic so far are based on computer simulations. This contribution pursues a macroscopic (fluid-dynamic) simulation approach,…
Designing efficient traffic lanes for pedestrians is a critical aspect of urban planning as walking remains the most common form of mobility among the increasingly diverse methods of transportation. Herein, we investigate pedestrian counter…
Congestion and extreme events in transportation networks are emergent phenomena with significant socio-economic implications. In this work, we study congestion and extreme event properties on real urban street (planar) networks drawn from…
In our urbanised societies, the management and regulation of traffic and pedestrian flows is of considerable interest for public safety, economic development, and the conservation of the environment. However, modelling and controlling the…
The recent availability of data for cities has allowed scientists to exhibit scalings which present themselves in the form of a power-law dependence with population of various socio-economical and structural indicators. We propose here a…
The main motivation of this work is to assess the validity of a LWR traffic flow model to model measurements obtained from trajectory data, and propose extensions of this model to improve it. A formulation for a discrete dynamical system is…
The possibility to understand and to quantitatively model the physics of the interactions between pedestrians walking in crowds has compelling relevant applications, e.g. related to the design and safety of civil infrastructures. In this…
The influence of cohesion among members of dyads is investigated in scenarios characterized by uni-directional flow by means of a discrete model: a corridor and the egress from a room with a bottleneck of varying width are simulated. The…
In this paper, a useful reinterpretation of the city as a porous medium justifies the application of well-known models on fluid dynamics to develop a multi-model study of urban air pollution due to traffic flow in a large city. Thus, to…
Pedestrian behavior has much more complicated characteristics in a dense crowd and thus attracts the widespread interest of scientists and engineers. However, even successful modeling approaches such as pedestrian models based on particle…
We investigate a microscopical structure in a chain of cars waiting at a red signal on signal-controlled crossroads. Presented is an one-dimensional space-continuous thermodynamical model leading to an excellent agreement with the data…
We propose a stochastic model for the intersection of two urban streets. The traffic state at the crossroads is controlled by a set of traffic lights, which periodically switch to red and green with a total period of T. Vehicular dynamics…