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We prove that almost all solutions of the Markoff-Hurwitz equation over a residue field modulo $p$ can be obtained from one another by a chain of natural transformations. We also study recurrence sequences considered modulo prime $p$.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-24 Ilya V. Vyugin

This paper investigates additive processes with respect to several different independences in non-commutative probability in terms of the convolution hemigroups of the distributions of the increments of the processes. In particular, we…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-01-13 Takahiro Hasebe , Ikkei Hotta , Takuya Murayama

We discuss as a fundamental characteristic of orthogonal polynomials like the existence of a Lie algebra behind them, can be added to their other relevant aspects. At the basis of the complete framework for orthogonal polynomials we put…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-06-05 E Celeghini , Mariano A del Olmo

We consider the exterior Dirichlet problem for the heterogeneous Helmholtz equation, i.e. the equation $\nabla\cdot(A \nabla u ) + k^2 n u =-f$ where both $A$ and $n$ are functions of position. We prove new a priori bounds on the solution…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2018-08-09 Ivan G. Graham , Owen R. Pembery , Euan A. Spence

We discuss the notion of resonance, as well as the existence and uniqueness of periodic solutions for a forced simple harmonic oscillator. While this topic is elementary, and well-studied for sinusoidal forcing, this does not seem to be the…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2024-07-25 Isaac Benson , Justin T. Webster

We introduce a family of natural normalized Loewner chains in the unit ball, which we call "ger\"aumig"---spacious---which allow to construct, by means of suitable variations, other normalized Loewner chains which coincide with the given…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2015-01-28 Filippo Bracci , Ian Graham , Hidetaka Hamada , Gabriela Kohr

We study purely exponential Diophantine equations with four terms of consecutive bases. Notably, we prove that all solutions to the equation \[ n^x=(n+1)^y+(n+2)^z+(n+3)^w \] in positive integers $n,x,y,z$ and $w$ are given by…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-08-26 Maohua Le , Takafumi Miyazaki

We address the question of finding global solutions of the Helmholtz equation that are positive in a given set. This question arises in inverse scattering for penetrable obstacles. In particular, we show that there are solutions that are…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-09-12 Pu-Zhao Kow , Mikko Salo , Henrik Shahgholian

We study representations of the Cuntz algebras O_d and their associated decompositions. In the case that these representations are irreducible, their restrictions to the gauge-invariant subalgebra UHF_d have an interesting cyclic structure.…

funct-an · Mathematics 2016-08-15 Ola Bratteli , Palle E. T. Jorgensen , Akitaka Kishimoto , Reinhard F. Werner

We study Lorentz hypersurfaces $M_{1}^{n}$ in $E_{1}^{n+1}$ satisfying $\triangle \vec {H}= \alpha \vec {H}$ with non diagonal shape operator, having complex eigenvalues. We prove that every such Lorentz hypersurface in $E_{1}^{n+1}$ having…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2017-06-06 Deepika , Andreas Arvanitoyeorgos , Ram Shankar Gupta

We consider a space of $L^2$ vector fields with bounded mean oscillation whose ``normal'' component to the boundary is well-controlled. In the case when the dimension $n \geq 3$, we establish its Helmholtz decomposition for arbitrary…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-07-20 Yoshikazu Giga , Zhongyang Gu

We prove longtime existence and estimates for solutions to a fully nonlinear Lagrangian parabolic equation with locally $C^{1,1}$ initial data $u_0$ satisfying either (1) $-(1+\eta) I_n\leq D^2u_0 \leq (1+\eta)I_n$ for some positive…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2011-06-01 Albert Chau , Jingyi Chen , Yu Yuan

The conventional decomposition of a vector field into longitudinal (potential) and transverse (vortex) components (Helmholtz's theorem) is claimed in [1] to be inapplicable to the time-dependent vector fields and, in particular, to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 V. P. Oleinik

We study chordal Loewner families in the upper half-plane and show that they have a parametric representation. We show one, that to every chordal Loewner family there corresponds a unique measurable family of probability measures on the…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Robert O. Bauer

We present a multidimensional generalization of Zeckendorf's Theorem (any positive integer can be written uniquely as a sum of non-adjacent Fibonacci numbers) to a large family of linear recurrences. This extends work of Anderson and…

Let $Z^H= \{Z^H(t), t \in \R^N\}$ be a real-valued $N$-parameter harmonizable fractional stable sheet with index $H = (H_1, \ldots, H_N) \in (0, 1)^N$. We establish a random wavelet series expansion for $Z^H$ which is almost surely…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-03-12 Antoine Ayache , Narn-Rueih Shieh , Yimin Xiao

Incompressible flows of an ideal two-dimensional fluid on a closed orientable surface of positive genus are considered. Linear stability of harmonic, i.e. irrotational and incompressible, solutions to the Euler equations is shown using the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2019-12-25 Vladimir Yushutin

The constraint equations for smooth $[n+1]$-dimensional (with $n\geq 3$) Riemannian or Lorentzian spaces satisfying the Einstein field equations are considered. It is shown, regardless of the signature of the primary space, that the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-12-15 István Rácz

We prove an existence theorem for positive solutions to Lichnerowicz-type equations on complete manifolds with boundary and nonlinear Neumann conditions. This kind of nonlinear problems arise quite naturally in the study of solutions for…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2017-08-16 Guglielmo Albanese , Marco Rigoli

The theory of bi-orthogonal polynomials on the unit circle is developed for a general class of weights leading to systems of recurrence relations and derivatives of the polynomials and their associated functions, and to…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2007-05-23 P. J. Forrester , N. S. Witte