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We study the collective schedules problem, which consists in computing a one machine schedule of a set of tasks, knowing that a set of individuals (also called voters) have preferences regarding the order of the execution of the tasks. Our…
We explore variants of Erd\H os' unit distance problem concerning dot products between successive pairs of points chosen from a large finite subset of either $\mathbb F_q^d$ or $\mathbb Z_q^d,$ where $q$ is a power of an odd prime.…
We develop a new approach to address some classical questions concerning the size and structure of integer distance sets. Our main result is that any integer distance set in the Euclidean plane is either very sparse or has all but an…
Point configurations have been widely used as model systems in condensed matter physics, materials science and biology. Statistical descriptors such as the $n$-body distribution function $g_n$ is usually employed to characterize the point…
We prove that for all $n\geq 1$ there exists a number between $n^2$ and $(n+1)^2$ with at most 4 prime factors. This is the first result of this kind that holds for every $n\geq 1$ rather than just sufficiently large $n$. Our approach…
The stable marriage problem is a well-known problem of matching men to women so that no man and woman, who are not married to each other, both prefer each other. Such a problem has a wide variety of practical applications, ranging from…
Prime numbers are one of the most intriguing figures in mathematics. Despite centuries of research, many questions remain still unsolved. In recent years, computer simulations are playing a fundamental role in the study of an immense…
The three distance theorem (also known as the three gap theorem or Steinhaus problem) states that, for any given real number $\alpha$ and integer $N$, there are at most three values for the distances between consecutive elements of the…
Let $\mathbb{F}_q$ be an arbitrary finite field, and $\mathcal{E}$ be a set of points in $\mathbb{F}_q^d$. Let $\Delta(\mathcal{E})$ be the set of distances determined by pairs of points in $\mathcal{E}$. By using the Kloosterman sums,…
A mapping conjugate to the Collatz mapping seems to imply that $\N=\{1,2,3,\ldots\}$ is partitioned in a trivial loop $\{1\}$ and `strings' that are ordered subsets of $\{\N \setminus 1\}$ that run from an element of $\{2+3\0\}$ to an…
The stable marriage problem has a wide variety of practical applications, ranging from matching resident doctors to hospitals, to matching students to schools, or more generally to any two-sided market. We consider a useful variation of the…
In this paper we study the problem of detecting prime numbers between all consecutive cubes. Firstly, we use a large computation to show that there is always a prime between $n^3$ and $(n+1)^3$ for $n^3\leq 1.649\cdot 10^{40}$. In addition,…
In bipartite matching problems, agents on two sides of a graph want to be paired according to their preferences. The stability of a matching depends on these preferences, which in uncertain environments also reflect agents' beliefs about…
The famous $n$-queens problem asks how many ways there are to place $n$ queens on an $n \times n$ chessboard so that no two queens can attack one another. The toroidal $n$-queens problem asks the same question where the board is considered…
Consider a theatre consisting of $m$ rows each containing $n$ seats. Theatregoers enter the theatre along aisles and pick a row which they enter along one of its two entrances so as to occupy a seat. Assume they select their seats uniformly…
We consider generalizations of the classical secretary problem, also known as the problem of optimal choice, to posets where the only information we have is the size of the poset and the number of maximal elements. We show that, given this…
A finite set X in the d-dimensional Euclidean space is called an s-distance set if the set of Euclidean distances between any two distinct points of X has size s. Larman--Rogers--Seidel proved that if the cardinality of a two-distance set…
The apportionment problem constitutes a fundamental problem in democratic societies: How to distribute a fixed number of seats among a set of states in proportion to the states' populations? This--seemingly simple--task has led to a rich…
Let $d_1\leq d_2\leq\ldots\leq d_{n\choose 2}$ denote the distances determined by $n$ points in the plane. It is shown that $\min\sum_i (d_{i+1}-d_i)^2=O(n^{-6/7})$, where the minimum is taken over all point sets with minimal distance $d_1…
The input to the distant representatives problem is a set of $n$ objects in the plane and the goal is to find a representative point from each object while maximizing the distance between the closest pair of points. When the objects are…