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The conformal loop ensemble (CLE) has two phases: for $\kappa \in (8/3, 4]$, the loops are simple and do not touch each other or the boundary; for $\kappa \in (4,8)$, the loops are non-simple and may touch each other and the boundary. For…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-08-22 Morris Ang , Xin Sun , Pu Yu , Zijie Zhuang

This paper answers a question of \'{E}mery [In S\'{e}minaire de Probabilit\'{e}s XLII (2009) 383-396 Springer] by constructing an explicit coupling of two copies of the Bene\v{s} et al. [In Applied Stochastic Analysis (1991) 121-156 Gordon…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-06-04 Wilfrid S. Kendall

We derive a "switching identity" that can be stated for critical Brownian loop-soups or for the Gaussian free field on a cable graph: It basically says that at the level of cluster configurations and at the more general level of the…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-07-04 Wendelin Werner

In this paper, we provide a framework of estimates for describing 2D scaling limits by Schramm's SLE curves. In particular, we show that a weak estimate on the probability of an annulus crossing implies that a random curve arising from a…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-06-15 Antti Kemppainen , Stanislav Smirnov

Stochastic Loewner Evolution (SLE_kappa) has been introduced as a description of the continuum limit of cluster boundaries in two-dimensional critical systems. We show that the problem of N radial SLEs in the unit disc is equivalent to…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 John Cardy

A planar self-avoiding walk (SAW) is a nearest neighbor random walk path in the square lattice with no self-intersection. A planar self-avoiding polygon (SAP) is a loop with no self-intersection. In this paper we present conjectures for the…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Gregory F. Lawler , Oded Schramm , Wendelin Werner

Consider a Brownian loop soup $\mathcal{L}_D^\theta$ with subcritical intensity $\theta \in (0,1/2]$ in some 2D bounded simply connected domain. We define and study the properties of a conformally invariant field $h_\theta$ naturally…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-10-06 Antoine Jego , Titus Lupu , Wei Qian

We present here a study of the clustering and cycles in the graph of Internet at the Autonomous Systems level. We show that,even if the whole structure is changing with time, the statistical distributions of loops of order 3,4,5 remain…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2016-08-31 Ginestra Bianconi , Guido Caldarelli , Andrea Capocci

Schramm--Loewner evolution (SLE) has been one of the central topics in the probabilistic study of two-dimensional critical systems. It is a random curve in two dimensions to which a cluster interface in a critical lattice system is…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-09-03 Makoto Katori , Shinji Koshida , Chizuru Soukejima , Raian Suzuki

We study the clusters of loops in a Brownian loop soup in some bounded two-dimensional domain with subcritical intensity $\theta \in (0,1/2]$. We obtain an exact expression for the asymptotic probability of the existence of a cluster…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-11-17 Antoine Jego , Titus Lupu , Wei Qian

This is an introductory account of the emergence of conformal invariance in the scaling limit of planar critical percolation. We give an exposition of Smirnov's theorem (2001) on the conformal invariance of crossing probabilities in site…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-10-24 Nike Sun

We outline a strategy for showing convergence of loop-erased random walk on the Z^2 square lattice to SLE(2), in the supremum norm topology that takes the time parametrization of the curves into account. The discrete curves are parametrized…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-06-15 Tom Alberts , Michael J. Kozdron , Robert Masson

The Schramm-Loewner evolution (SLE_\kappa) is a candidate for the scaling limit of random curves arising in two-dimensional critical phenomena. When \kappa < 8, an instance of SLE_\kappa is a random planar curve with almost sure Hausdorff…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-06-23 Gregory F. Lawler , Scott Sheffield

This manuscript explores the connections between a class of stochastic processes called "Stochastic Loewner Evolution" (SLE) and conformal field theory (CFT). First some important results are recalled which we utilise in the sequel, in…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2011-07-19 Roland Friedrich

We study the local regularity of sliding almost minimal sets of dimension 2 in $R^n$ , bounded by a smooth curve $L$. These are a good way to model soap films bounded by a curve, and their definition is similar to Almgren's. We aim for a…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2019-01-30 Guy David

Loop percolation, also known as the dense O(1) loop model, is a variant of critical bond percolation in the square lattice Z^2 whose graph structure consists of a disjoint union of cycles. We study its connectivity pattern, which is a…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-06-15 Dan Romik

We consider uniform random permutations in classes having a finite combinatorial specification for the substitution decomposition. These classes include (but are not limited to) all permutation classes with a finite number of simple…

Adaptive Markov chains are an important class of Monte Carlo methods for sampling from probability distributions. The time evolution of adaptive algorithms depends on past samples, and thus these algorithms are non-Markovian. Although there…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-10-02 Natesh S. Pillai , Aaron Smith

This article focuses on the characterization of global multiple Schramm-Loewner evolutions (SLE). The chordal SLE describes the scaling limit of a single interface in various critical lattice models with Dobrushin boundary conditions, and…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-08-12 Vincent Beffara , Eveliina Peltola , Hao Wu

The Skorokhod Embedding problem is well understood when the underlying process is a Brownian motion. We examine the problem when the underlying is the simple symmetric random walk and when no external randomisation is allowed. We prove that…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Alexander M. G. Cox , Jan Obloj
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