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The plasma wakefield amplitudes which could be achieved via the modulation of a long proton bunch are investigated. We find that in the limit of long bunches compared to the plasma wavelength, the strength of the accelerating fields is…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2015-05-28 Allen Caldwell , Konstantin Lotov

Plasma-Based Acceleration (PBA) has been demonstrated using laser, electron, and proton drivers. However, significant challenges remain in achieving high efficiency, stable acceleration, and scalable energy gain. Heavy ion beam drivers,…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2025-07-04 Jiangdong Li , Jiancheng Yang , Guoxing Xia , Jie Liu , Ruihu Zhu , Xiangwen Qiao

The Advanced Wakefield Experiment, AWAKE, is a well-established international collaboration and aims to develop the proton-driven plasma wakefield acceleration of electron bunches to energies and qualities suitable for first particle…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2025-04-02 E. Gschwendtner , P. Muggli , M. Turner , AWAKE Collaboration

Next-generation plasma-based accelerators can push electron bunches to gigaelectronvolt energies within centimetre distances. The plasma, excited by a driver pulse, generates large electric fields that can efficiently accelerate a trailing…

Self-guided femtosecond laser pulses propagating in low-pressure gas can generate plasma filaments, establishing a new framework for plasma wakefield acceleration. Unlike conventional schemes relying on mechanically confined or preformed…

Plasma wakefield acceleration (PWFA) holds much promise for advancing the energy frontier because it can potentially provide a 1000-fold or more increase in acceleration gradient with excellent power efficiency in respect with standard…

We discuss the main elements of a collider facility based on proton-driven plasma wakefield acceleration. We show that very competitive luminosities could be reached for high energy $e^+e^-$ colliders. A first set of parameters was…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2025-03-28 Allen Caldwell , John Farmer , Nelson Lopes , Alexander Pukhov , Ferdinand Willeke , Thomas Wilson

This is brief review of acceleration of electrons in plasma wakefields driven by either intense laser pulses or particle beams following lectures at the 2019 CERN Accelerator School on plasma accelerators, held at Sesimbra, Portugal. The…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2020-07-09 A. G. R. Thomas

Plasma wakefield accelerators are capable of sustaining gigavolt-per-centimeter accelerating fields, surpassing the electric breakdown threshold in state-of-the-art accelerator modules by 3-4 orders of magnitude. Beam-driven wakefields…

Initial simulations investigating using the RHIC-EIC proton beam as the drive beam in a plasma wakefield acceleration experiment are presented. The proton beam enters the plasma and undergoes self-modulation, forming a series of…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2019-07-03 James Chappell , Allen Caldwell , Matthew Wing

A new scheme for injection and acceleration of electrons in wakefield accelerators is suggested based on the co-action of a laser pulse and an electron beam. This synergy leads to stronger wakefield generation and higher energy gain in the…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2020-07-03 S. Barzegar , A. R. Niknam

Plasma acceleration has emerged as a promising technology for future particle accelerators, particularly linear colliders. Significant progress has been made in recent decades toward high-efficiency and high-quality acceleration of…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2024-03-06 G. J. Cao , C. A. Lindstrøm , E. Adli , S. Corde , S. Gessner

We propose a Plasma Accelerator Research Station (PARS) based at proposed FEL test facility CLARA (Compact Linear Accelerator for Research and Applications) at Daresbury Laboratory. The idea is to use the relativistic electron beam from…

An active plasma lens focuses the beam in both the horizontal and vertical planes simultaneously using a magnetic field generated by a discharge current through the plasma. A beam size of 5--10 $\mu$m can be achieved within a short distance…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2021-12-13 S. -Y. Kim , K. Moon , M. Chung , K. N. Sjobak , E. Adli , S. Doebert , M. Dayyani , E. S. Yoon , I. Nam , G. Hahn

The "Advanced Proton Driven Plasma Wakefield Acceleration Experiment" (AWAKE) aims to accelerate leptons via proton-beam-driven wakefield acceleration. It comprises extensive numerical studies as well as experiments at the CERN laboratory.…

Computational Physics · Physics 2019-09-19 N. Moschüring , K. V. Lotov , K. Bamberg , F. Deutschmann , H. Ruhl

Frequency up-shifting of laser light in a beam-driven plasma wakefield has the potential to provide high-intensity sources of short wavelength radiation. Simulations have demonstrated that a laser pulse can undergo large frequency shifts,…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2025-12-10 Neil Beri , John Palastro , Qian Qian , Kyle Miller , Brandon Russell , Alexander Thomas

We present a novel electron injection scheme for plasma wakefield acceleration. The method is based on recently proposed technique of fast electron generation via laser-solid interaction: a femtosecond laser pulse with the energy of tens of…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2022-03-14 V. Khudiakov , A. Pukhov

A Higgs Factory is considered the highest priority next collider project by the high-energy physics community. Very advanced designs based on radio-frequency cavities exist, and variations on this approach are still being developed.…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2024-09-18 John P Farmer , Allen Caldwell , Alexander Pukhov

The Advanced Wakefield Experiment (AWAKE) at CERN relies on the seeded Self-Modulation (SM) of a long relativistic proton bunch in plasma to accelerate an externally injected MeV witness electron bunch to GeV energies. During AWAKE Run 1…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2023-05-02 L. Verra , G. Zevi Della Porta , E. Gschwendtner , M. Bergamaschi , P. Muggli

We propose to use tightly focused lasers to generate high quality electron beams in laser wakefield accelerators. In this scheme, the expansion of the laser beam after the focal position enlarges the size of wakefield bubble, which reduces…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2023-09-29 Jia Wang , Ming Zeng , Dazhang Li , Xiaoning Wang , Jie Gao