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An increasing number of scientific experiments support the view of perception as Bayesian inference, which is rooted in Helmholtz's view of perception as unconscious inference. Recent study of logic presents a view of logical reasoning as…
Although randomization has long been used in distributed computing, formal methods for reasoning about probabilistic concurrent programs have lagged behind. No existing program logics can express specifications about the full distributions…
Logic languages based on the theory of rational, possibly infinite, trees have much appeal in that rational trees allow for faster unification (due to the safe omission of the occurs-check) and increased expressivity (cyclic terms can…
This letter introduces a new, substantially simplified version of the branching recurrence operation of computability logic (see http://www.cis.upenn.edu/~giorgi/cl.html), and proves its equivalence to the old, "canonical" version.
This paper shows that, even at the most basic level, the parallel, countable branching and uncountable branching recurrences of Computability Logic (see http://www.cis.upenn.edu/~giorgi/cl.html) validate different principles.
We investigate the decidability of model-checking logics of time, knowledge and probability, with respect to two epistemic semantics: the clock and synchronous perfect recall semantics in partially observed discrete-time Markov chains.…
We describe a representation and a set of inference methods that combine logic programming techniques with probabilistic network representations for uncertainty (influence diagrams). The techniques emphasize the dynamic construction and…
The logics of knowledge are modal logics that have been shown to be effective in representing and reasoning about knowledge in multi-agent domains. Relatively few computational frameworks for dealing with computation of models and useful…
This paper defines a new proof- and category-theoretic framework for classical linear logic that separates reasoning into one linear regime and two persistent regimes corresponding to ! and ?. The resulting linear/producer/consumer (LPC)…
We investigate the decidability of model-checking logics of time, knowledge and probability, with respect to two epistemic semantics: the clock and synchronous perfect recall semantics in partially observed discrete-time Markov chains.…
A nonconstructive proof can be used to prove the existence of an object with some properties without providing an explicit example of such an object. A special case is a probabilistic proof where we show that an object with required…
We present a hypersequent calculus $\text{G}^3\text{\L}\forall$ for first-order infinite-valued {\L}ukasiewicz logic and for an extension of it, first-order rational Pavelka logic; the calculus is intended for bottom-up proof search. In…
We present a type theory combining both linearity and dependency by stratifying typing rules into a level for logics and a level for programs. The distinction between logics and programs decouples their semantics, allowing the type system…
In reinforcement learning, the classic objectives of maximizing discounted and finite-horizon cumulative rewards are PAC-learnable: There are algorithms that learn a near-optimal policy with high probability using a finite amount of samples…
This article presents a survey of computability logic: its philosophy and motivations, main concepts and most significant results obtained so far. A continuously updated online version of this article is maintained at…
We study local consequence relations in modal extensions of product logic over Kripke models with either valued (fuzzy) or crisp accessibility relations. In both settings, we consider semantics over the full class of product algebras as…
This paper introduces a new simplified version of the countable branching recurrence of Computability Logic, proves its equivalence to the old one, and shows that the basic logic induced by it is a proper superset of the basic logic induced…
The syntactic nature of logic and computation separates them from other fields of mathematics. Nevertheless, syntax has been the only way to adequately capture the dynamics of proofs and programs such as cut-elimination, and the finiteness…
Predictive coding has emerged as an influential normative model of neural computation, with numerous extensions and applications. As such, much effort has been put into mapping PC faithfully onto the cortex, but there are issues that remain…
We introduce a realisability semantics for infinitary intuitionistic set theory that is based on Ordinal Turing Machines (OTMs). We show that our notion of OTM-realisability is sound with respect to certain systems of infinitary…