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We provide new results concerning label efficient, polynomial time, passive and active learning of linear separators. We prove that active learning provides an exponential improvement over PAC (passive) learning of homogeneous linear…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-04-29 Maria Florina Balcan , Philip M. Long

De Finetti's theorem, also called the de Finetti-Hewitt-Savage theorem, is a foundational result in probability and statistics. Roughly, it says that an infinite sequence of exchangeable random variables can always be written as a mixture…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-11-29 Rina Foygel Barber , Emmanuel J. Candes , Aaditya Ramdas , Ryan J. Tibshirani

A sequence of random variables is called exchangeable if the joint distribution of the sequence is unchanged by any permutation of the indices. De Finetti's theorem characterizes all $\{0,1\}$-valued exchangeable sequences as a "mixture" of…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-09-05 Werner Kirsch

We show how any PAC learning algorithm that works under the uniform distribution can be transformed, in a blackbox fashion, into one that works under an arbitrary and unknown distribution $\mathcal{D}$. The efficiency of our transformation…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-03-31 Guy Blanc , Jane Lange , Ali Malik , Li-Yang Tan

In Pure Inductive Logic, the principle of Strong Predicate Exchangeability is a rational principle based on symmetry that sits in between the principles of Predicate Exchangeability and Atom Exchangeability. We will show a de Finetti -…

Logic · Mathematics 2015-07-02 Malte S. Kließ

This paper presents an extension of the classical agnostic PAC learning model in which learning problems are modelled not only by a Hypothesis Space $\mathcal{H}$, but also by a Learning Space $\mathbb{L}(\mathcal{H})$, which is a cover of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-09-13 Diego Marcondes , Adilson Simonis , Junior Barrera

We propose $\textit{iterative inversion}$ -- an algorithm for learning an inverse function without input-output pairs, but only with samples from the desired output distribution and access to the forward function. The key challenge is a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Gal Leibovich , Guy Jacob , Or Avner , Gal Novik , Aviv Tamar

We study the problem of multiclass PAC learning with bandit feedback in the realizable setting. In this framework, there is an unknown data distribution over an instance space $\mathcal{X}$ and a label space $\mathcal{Y}$, as in classical…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-27 Steve Hanneke , Qinglin Meng , Shay Moran , Amirreza Shaeiri

We revisit the framework of Smart PAC learning, which seeks supervised learners which compete with semi-supervised learners that are provided full knowledge of the marginal distribution on unlabeled data. Prior work has shown that such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Shaddin Dughmi , Alireza F. Pour

In this short note we observe that the sample complexity of PAC machine learning of various concepts, including learning the maximum (EMX), can be exactly determined when the support of the probability measures considered as models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-27 Alberto Gandolfi

We give two results on PAC learning DNF formulas using membership queries in the challenging "distribution-free" learning framework, where learning algorithms must succeed for an arbitrary and unknown distribution over $\{0,1\}^n$. (1) We…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Josh Alman , Shivam Nadimpalli , Shyamal Patel , Rocco A. Servedio

This paper proposes a general interpretable predictive system with shared information. The system is able to perform predictions in a multi-task setting where distinct tasks are not bound to have the same input/output structure. Embeddings…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Maciej Żelaszczyk , Jacek Mańdziuk

About 25 years ago, it came to light that a single combinatorial property determines both an important dividing line in model theory (NIP) and machine learning (PAC-learnability). The following years saw a fruitful exchange of ideas between…

Logic · Mathematics 2019-10-30 Hunter Chase , James Freitag

The problem of attempting to learn the mapping between data and labels is the crux of any machine learning task. It is, therefore, of interest to the machine learning community on practical as well as theoretical counts to consider the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Sairaam Venkatraman , S Balasubramanian , R Raghunatha Sarma

In Ben-David et al.'s "Learnability Can Be Undecidable," they prove an independence result in theoretical machine learning. In particular, they define a new type of learnability, called Estimating The Maximum (EMX) learnability. They argue…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-19 William Taylor

Data-driven algorithms can adapt their internal structure or parameters to inputs from unknown application-specific distributions, by learning from a training sample of inputs. Several recent works have applied this approach to problems in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-17 Peter Bartlett , Piotr Indyk , Tal Wagner

Replicability, introduced by (Impagliazzo et al. STOC '22), is the notion that algorithms should remain stable under a resampling of their inputs (given access to shared randomness). While a strong and interesting notion of stability, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Max Hopkins , Russell Impagliazzo , Christopher Ye

Monotone learning describes learning processes in which expected performance consistently improves as the amount of training data increases. However, recent studies challenge this conventional wisdom, revealing significant gaps in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Ming Li , Chenyi Zhang , Qin Li

In this paper we study the approximate learnability of valuations commonly used throughout economics and game theory for the quantitative encoding of agent preferences. We provide upper and lower bounds regarding the learnability of…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2011-09-05 Maria Florina Balcan , Florin Constantin , Satoru Iwata , Lei Wang

Prediction sets capture uncertainty by predicting sets of labels rather than individual labels, enabling downstream decisions to conservatively account for all plausible outcomes. Conformal inference algorithms construct prediction sets…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-10-20 Wenwen Si , Sangdon Park , Insup Lee , Edgar Dobriban , Osbert Bastani