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Plasmonic metasurfaces have emerged as a promising platform for enhancing a range of nonlinear optical processes, offering compact geometry and flexibility in light manipulation. Second order nonlinear processes, like second harmonic…

We develop a quantitative mathematical theory that offers new perspectives on nonlinear harmonic generation in plasmonic structures arising from symmetry breaking. Focusing on second harmonic generation--the most fundamental process and the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-05-04 Hongyu Liu , Zhi-Qiang Miao , Jingfeng Yao , Chengxun Yuan , Guang-Hui Zheng

We study nonlinear effects in two-dimensional photonic metasurfaces supporting topologically-protected helical edge states at the nanoscale. We observe strong third-harmonic generation mediated by optical nonlinearities boosted by…

Second harmonic generation is enhanced at the surface lattice resonance in plasmonic nanoparticle arrays. We carried out a parametric investigation on two-dimensional lattices composed of gold nanobars where the centrosymmetry is broken at…

We study the linear- and nonlinear-optical lineshapes of metal nanoparticles (theory) and metallic photonic crystal slabs (experiment and theory). For metal nanoparticle ensembles, we show analytically and numerically that femtosecond…

Materials Science · Physics 2007-05-23 M. W. Klein , T. Tritschler , M. Wegener , S. Linden

We explore the outcomes of detailed microscopic models by calculating second- and third-harmonic generation from thin film surfaces with discontinuous free-electron densities. These circumstances can occur in structures consisting of a…

Heavily doped semiconductors have emerged as tunable low-loss plasmonic materials at mid-infrared frequencies. In this article we investigate nonlinear optical phenomena associated with high concentration of free electrons. We use a…

Optics · Physics 2021-03-17 Federico De Luca , Michele Ortolani , Cristian Ciracì

We present a study of the second-order nonlinear optical properties of metal-based metamaterials. A hydrodynamic model for electronic response is used, in which nonlinear surface contributions are expressed in terms of the bulk…

Plasmonic nanocavities have proven to be a powerful optical platform for confining light at a length scale much smaller than the diffraction limit. Enhanced electromagnetic fields within the cavity mode volume enable multiple significant…

We conduct a theoretical and numerical study on the second-harmonic (SH) optical response of a nano-structured metamaterial composed of a periodic array of inclusions. Both the inclusions and their surrounding matrix are made of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-03-13 Ulises R. Meza , Bernardo S. Mendoza , W. Luis Mochán

In this work, we investigate the generation of second harmonic light by gold nanorods and demonstrate that the collected nonlinear intensity depends upon a phase interplay between different modes available in the nanostructure. By recording…

Harmonic generation mechanisms are of great interest in nanoscience and nanotechnology, since they allow generating visible light by using near-infrared radiation, which is particularly suitable for its endless applications in…

Classical nonlocality in conducting nanostructures has been shown to dramatically alter the linear optical response, by placing a fundamental limit on the maximum field enhancement that can be achieved. This limit directly extends to all…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2013-11-14 Cristian Ciracì , Michael Scalora , David R. Smith

Dielectric metasurfaces have shown prominent applications in nonlinear optics due to strong field enhancement and low dissipation losses at the nanoscale. Chalcogenide glasses are one of the promising materials for the observation of…

We use second and third harmonic generation microscopy to investigate the nonlinear optical response of GaAs nanocavities embedded in a gold film and compare them to bare GaAs nanocavities. Our results reveal that the surrounding metallic…

Plasmonic nanoantennas have been recently proposed to boost nonlinear optical processes. In a metal dipole nanoantenna with a dielectric nanoparticle placed in the gap, the linear field enhancement can be exploited to enhance third harmonic…

Optics · Physics 2017-04-13 Antonino Calà Lesina , Pierre Berini , Lora Ramunno

In this work, we study second-harmonic generation a monocrystalline nanoparticle with a non-centrosymmetric crystalline lattice. It was shown that breaking the symmetry of the nanoparticle's shape can significantly affect the second…

Optics · Physics 2019-04-25 Kristina Frizyuk

We employ transformation optics to optimize the generic nonlinear wave interaction of second-harmonic generation from a pair of touching metallic wires. We demonstrate a 10 orders of magnitude increase in the second-harmonic scattering…

We develop a multipolar theory of second-harmonic generation (SHG) by dielectric nanoparticles made of noncentrosymmetric materials with bulk quadratic nonlinearity. We specifically analyze two regimes of optical excitation: illumination by…

In this work, we utilize thin dielectric meta-atoms placed on a silver substrate to efficiently enhance and manipulate the third harmonic generation. We theoretically and experimentally reveal that when the structural symmetry of the…