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This paper focuses on remainder estimates of the magnetic $L^p$-Hardy inequalities for $1<p<2$. \emph{Firstly}, we establish a family of remainder terms involving magnetic gradients of the magnetic $L^p$-Hardy inequalities, which are also…

We prove a complexity dichotomy theorem for a class of Holant problems on 3-regular bipartite graphs. Given an arbitrary nonnegative weighted symmetric constraint function $f = [x_0, x_1, x_2, x_3]$, we prove that the bipartite Holant…

In \cite{MR447956}, Muckenhoupt and Wheeden formulated a weighted weak $(p,p)$ inequality where the weight for the weak $L^p$ space is treated as a multiplier rather than a measure. They proved such inequalities for the Hardy-Littlewood…

Let $f$ be a homogeneous polynomial over a field. For many fields, including number fields and function fields, we prove that the strength of $f$ is bounded above by a constant multiple of the Birch rank of $f.$ The constant depends only on…

Let $\Lambda(n)$ be the von Mangoldt function, $x$ real and $2\leq y \leq x$. This paper improves the estimate on the exponential sum over primes in short intervals \[ S_k(x,y;\alpha) = \sum_{x< n \leq x+y} \Lambda(n) e\left( n^k \alpha…

The second Hardy-Littlewood conjecture, that $\pi(x)+\pi(y) \geq \pi(x+y)$ for integers $x$ and $y$ with $\min\{x,y\}\geq 2$, was formulated in 1923. It continues to attract attention to this day, almost 100 years later. In 1975 Udrescu…

Using the $q$-Wilf--Zeilberger method and a $q$-analogue of a "divergent" Ramanujan-type supercongruence, we give several $q$-supercongruences modulo the fourth power of a cyclotomic polynomial. One of them is a $q$-analogue of a…

We give $L^1$-norm estimates for exponential sums of a finite sets $A$ consisting of integers or lattice points. Under the assumption that $A$ possesses sufficient multidimensional structure, our estimates are stronger than those of…

In this paper, we investigate contractive projections, conditional expectations, and idempotent coefficient multipliers on the Hardy spaces $H^p(\mathbb{T})$ for $0<p<1$. For such values of $p$, we first establish a general extension…

In this paper, we investigate the base-$p$ expansions of putative counterexamples to the $p$-adic Littlewood conjecture of de Mathan and Teuli\'e. We show that if a counterexample exists, then so does a counterexample whose base-$p$…

We consider a dominance order on positive vectors induced by the elementary symmetric polynomials. Under this dominance order we provide conditions that yield simple proofs of several monotonicity questions. Notably, our approach yields a…

Let $\mathcal{H}(\mathbb{D})$ denote the space of analytic functions in the unit disc $\mathbb{D}=\{z\in\mathbb{C}:|z|<1\}$. For $0<p<\infty$ and $f\in\mathcal{H}(\mathbb{D})$, let $M_p^p(r,f)=\int_0^{2\pi}|f(re^{i\theta})|^p…

We introduce a general class $F_0$ of additive functions $f$ such that $f(p) = 1$ and prove a tight bound for exponential sums of the form $\sum_{n \le x} f(n) e(\alpha n)$ where $f \in F_0$ and $e(\theta) = \exp(2\pi i \theta)$. Both…

The exponential orthogonal polynomials encode via the theory of hyponormal operators a shade function $g$ supported by a bounded planar shape. We prove under natural regularity assumptions that these complex polynomials satisfy a three term…

We prove the nontrivial variant \[ \sum\limits_{m,n=1}^{\infty}\Big(\frac{n}{m}\Big)^{\frac{1}{q}-\frac{1}{p}}\frac{a_mb_n}{m+n-1}\leq\frac{\pi}{\sin\frac{\pi}{p}} \Big( \sum\limits_{m=1}^{\infty}a_m^p\Big)^{\frac 1p}\Big(…

The paper gives an improvement of the Trudinger-Moser inequality, in which the constraint set is defined not by the squared gradient norm, but with the squared gradient norm minus a remainder term of the weighted L^p-type. This is a…

We use the resolution of singularities algorithm of [G4] to provide new estimates for exponential sums as well as new bounds on how often a function f(x) such as a polynomial with integer coefficients is divisible by various powers of a…

We study the homogeneous elliptic systems of order $2\ell$ with real constant coefficients on Lipschitz domains in $R^n$, $n\ge 4$. For any fixed $p>2$, we show that a reverse H\"older condition with exponent $p$ is necessary and sufficient…

The notion of Ehrhart tensor polynomials, a natural generalization of the Ehrhart polynomial of a lattice polytope, was recently introduced by Ludwig and Silverstein. We initiate a study of their coefficients. In the vector and matrix…

Many homogeneous polynomials that arise in the study of sums of squares and Hilbert's 17th problem come from monomial substitutions into the arithmetic-geometric inequality. In 1989, the second author gave a necessary and sufficient…