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We introduce a general procedure called `reverse engineering' that can be used to construct infinite families of smooth 4-manifolds in a given homeomorphism type. As one of the applications of this technique, we produce an infinite family…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2014-10-01 Ronald Fintushel , B. Doug Park , Ronald J. Stern

We prove that there exist infinitely many contractible compact smooth $4$-manifolds $C$ that admit absolutely exotic diffeomorphisms of infinite order in $\pi_0(\mathrm{Diff}(C))$. By ``absolutely", we mean that isotopies are not required…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2025-10-08 Hokuto Konno , Abhishek Mallick , Masaki Taniguchi

We study the possibility of realizing exotic smooth structures on punctured simply connected $4$-manifolds as leaves of a codimension one foliation on a compact manifold. In particular, we show the existence of uncountably many smooth open…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2018-06-13 Carlos Meniño Cotón , Paul A. Schweitzer

We provide an infinite family of diffeomorphic symplectic forms on ruled surfaces, which are pairwise non-isotopic. This answers a uniqueness question regarding symplectic structures up to isotopy on closed symplectic four-manifolds.

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2025-07-23 Jianfeng Lin , Weiwei Wu

We show that minimal symplectic 4--manifolds with $b_2^+ >1$ and with residually finite fundamental groups are irreducible. We also give examples of irreducible orientable four--manifolds with indefinite intersection forms which are not…

alg-geom · Mathematics 2008-02-03 D. Kotschick

In this paper, we investigate existence of inequivalent smooth structures on closed smooth non-orientable 4-manifolds building upon results of Akbulut, Cappell-Shaneson, Fintushel-Stern, Gompf, and Stolz. We add to the number of known…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2014-08-15 Rafael Torres

We show that the smooth $4$-manifold $M$ obtained by attaching a $2$-handle to $B^4$ along a certain knot $K\subset \partial B^4$ admits infinitely many absolutely exotic copies $M_n$, $n=0,1,2..$, such that each copy $M_n$ is obtained by…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2019-04-05 Selman Akbulut

In this paper we exhibit infinite families of embedded tori in 4-manifolds that are topologically isotopic but smoothly distinct. The interesting thing about these tori is that they are topologically trivial in the sense that each bounds a…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2020-11-11 Neil Hoffman , Nathan Sunukjian

We show that for any finitely presented group $G$, there is a simply connected closed 4-manifold containing an infinite family of topologically isotopic but smoothly inequivalent 2-links whose 2-link group is $G$. We also show that, if $G$…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2025-12-23 Younes Benyahia

We describe a construction procedure of infinite sets of $2$-links in closed simply connected 4-manifolds that are topologically isotopic, smoothly inequivalent and componentwise topologically unknotted. These 2-links are the first examples…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2025-08-13 Valentina Bais , Younes Benyahia , Oliviero Malech , Rafael Torres

Kreck and Schafer produced the first examples of stably diffeomorphic closed smooth 4-manifolds which are not homotopy equivalent. They were constructed by applying the doubling construction to 2-complexes over certain finite abelian groups…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2026-02-06 Ian Hambleton , John Nicholson

We provide information on diffeotopy groups of exotic smoothings of punctured 4-manifolds, extending previous results on diffeotopy groups of exotic $\mathbb{R}^4$'s. In particular, we prove that for a smoothable 4-manifold $M$ and for a…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2024-06-18 Isacco Nonino

We study locally flat, compact, oriented surfaces in $4$-manifolds whose exteriors have infinite cyclic fundamental group. We give algebraic topological criteria for two such surfaces, with the same genus $g$, to be related by an ambient…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2026-05-04 Anthony Conway , Mark Powell

We construct closed, aspherical, smooth 4-manifolds that are homeomorphic but not diffeomorphic. These provide counterexamples to a smooth analog of the Borel conjecture in dimension four. Our technique is to apply the `reflection group…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2026-05-06 Michael Davis , Kyle Hayden , Jingyin Huang , Daniel Ruberman , Nathan Sunukjian

In this article, we present new symplectic 4-manifolds with same integral cohomology as $S^{2}\times S^{2}$. The generalization of this construction is given as well, an infinite family of symplectic 4-manifolds cohomology equivalent to…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Anar Akhmedov

In this article, we construct the first example of a simply connected minimal symplectic 4-manifold homeomorphic but not diffeomorphic to 3CP^2#7CP^2b. We also construct the first exotic symplectic structure on CP^2#5CP^2b.

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Anar Akhmedov

This article presents the constructions of new infinite families of smooth 4-manifolds with the property that any two manifolds in the same family are homeomorphic and, from their construction, seem to be quite different, but cannot be…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Ronald Fintushel , Ronald J. Stern

We construct a number of topologically trivial but smoothly non-trivial families of embeddings of 3-manifolds in 4-manifolds. These include embeddings of homology spheres in $S^4$ that are not isotopic but have diffeomorphic complements,…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2025-03-14 Dave Auckly , Daniel Ruberman

We introduce a variant of contact homology for convex open contact manifolds. As an application, we prove the existence of (in fact, infinitely many) exotic tight contact structures on $\mathbb{R}^{2n-1}$ for all $n>2$.

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2025-06-12 François-Simon Fauteux-Chapleau , Joseph Helfer

We show that, under a certain condition, contact 5-manifolds can `coarsely' distinguish smooth structures on compact Stein 4-manifolds via contact open books. We also give a simple sufficient condition for an infinite family of Stein…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2016-04-13 Kouichi Yasui