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Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is currently being discussed as a technology to safeguard communication in a future where quantum computers compromise traditional public-key cryptosystems. In this paper, we conduct a comprehensive security…

In this paper we provide an intuitive-level discussion of the challenges and opportunities offered by quantum-based methods for supporting secure communications, e.g., over a network. The goal is to distill down to the most fundamental…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-08-28 Jeffrey Uhlmann

The problem of security of quantum key protocols is examined. In addition to the distribution of classical keys, the problem of encrypting quantum data and the structure of the operators which perform quantum encryption is studied. It is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 P. Oscar Boykin

The paper explains that post-quantum cryptography is necessary due to the introduction of quantum computing causing certain algorithms to be broken. We analyze the different types of post-quantum cryptography, quantum cryptography and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Marel Alvarado , Luke Gayler , Alex Seals , Tao Wang , Tao Hou

The ability to distribute secret keys between two parties with information-theoretic security, that is, regardless of the capacities of a malevolent eavesdropper, is one of the most celebrated results in the field of quantum information…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-01 Eleni Diamanti , Anthony Leverrier

Quantum computers impose an immense threat to system security. As a countermeasure, new cryptographic classes have been created to prevent these attacks. Technologies such as post-quantum cryptography and quantum cryptography. Quantum…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Luiz Filipi Anderson de Sousa Moura , Carlos Becker Westphall

Quantum cryptographic technology (QCT) is expected to be a fundamental technology for realizing long-term information security even against as-yet-unknown future technologies. More advanced security could be achieved using QCT together with…

Digital signatures guarantee the authenticity and transferability of messages, and are widely used in modern communication. The security of currently used classical digital signature schemes, however, relies on computational assumptions. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-04-09 Petros Wallden , Vedran Dunjko , Adrian Kent , Erika Andersson

We present the fundamental principles behind quantum key distribution and discuss a few well-known QKD protocols. Bearing in mind that the majority of our readers are from engineering and experimental optics, we focus more on the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-02-23 Bing Qi , Li Qian , Hoi-Kwong Lo

One of the biggest concerns among cybersecurity professionals these days is the hype around quantum computing, its incomprehensible power, and its implications. The advancement in quantum computing has the potential to revolutionize our…

Popular Physics · Physics 2022-03-15 Tajdar Jawaid

Quantum mechanics is the current best description of the world as we know it. Experiments have shown that quantum predictions are accurate up ten places of decimal. In quantum cryptography much work has been devoted to the study of Quantum…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2012-09-09 Jaydip Sen , Piyali Roy Chowdhury , Indranil Sengupta

We propose various new techniques in quantum information theory, including a de Finetti style representation theorem for finite symmetric quantum states. As an application, we give a proof for the security of quantum key distribution which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Renato Renner

The security issues facing quantum key distribution (QKD) are explained, herein focusing on those issues that are cryptographic and information theoretic in nature and not those based on physics. The problem of security criteria is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-02-25 Horace Yuen

Quantum key distribution provides secure keys with information-theoretic security ensured by the principle of quantum mechanics. The continuous-variable version of quantum key distribution using coherent states offers the advantages of its…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-09 Yichen Zhang , Yiming Bian , Zhengyu Li , Song Yu , Hong Guo

In principle, quantum key distribution (QKD) offers information-theoretic security based on the laws of physics. In practice, however, the imperfections of realistic devices might introduce deviations from the idealized models used in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-01 Feihu Xu , Xiongfeng Ma , Qiang Zhang , Hoi-Kwong Lo , Jian-Wei Pan

With its significant security potential, the quantum internet is poised to revolutionize technologies like cryptography and communications. Although it boasts enhanced security over traditional networks, the quantum internet still…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Zebo Yang , Ali Ghubaish , Raj Jain , Ala Al-Fuqaha , Aiman Erbad , Ramana Kompella , Hassan Shapourian , Reza Nejabati

Quantum cryptography allows one to distribute a secret key between two remote parties using the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics. The well-known established paradigm for the quantum key distribution relies on the actual…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 Tae-Gon Noh

The advantages of post-quantum cryptography over classical cryptography are covered in this survey. We address several post-quantum cryptography techniques. We conclude that the deployment of quantum-safe cryptographic systems is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-20 Abhinav Awasthi , Atul Chaturvedi

Quantum key distribution (QKD) promises information-theoretic security based on quantum mechanics and idealized device models. Practical implementations, however, deviate from these models due to unavoidable device imperfections, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-14 Álvaro Navarrete , Guillermo Currás-Lorenzo , Margarida Pereira , Marcos Curty

Traditional and lightweight cryptography primitives and protocols are insecure against quantum attacks. Thus, a real-time application using traditional or lightweight cryptography primitives and protocols does not ensure full-proof…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Adarsh Kumar , Carlo Ottaviani , Sukhpal Singh Gill , Rajkumar Buyya