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This paper describes a design that can be used for Explainable AI. The lower level is a nested ensemble of patterns created by self-organisation. The upper level is a hierarchical tree, where nodes are linked through individual concepts, so…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-11-30 Kieran Greer

A well-known method for completing low-rank matrices based on convex optimization has been established by Cand{\`e}s and Recht. Although theoretically complete, the method may not entirely solve the low-rank matrix completion problem. This…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-07-17 Guangcan Liu , Ping Li

Low-rank plus diagonal (LRPD) decompositions provide a powerful structural model for large covariance matrices, simultaneously capturing global shared factors and localized corrections that arise in covariance estimation, factor analysis,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-12-22 Kingsley Yeon , Mihai Anitescu

A large amount of research on Convolutional Neural Networks has focused on flat Classification in the multi-class domain. In the real world, many problems are naturally expressed as problems of hierarchical classification, in which the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-05-19 Riccardo La Grassa , Ignazio Gallo , Nicola Landro

Complex phenomena can be better understood when broken down into a limited number of simpler "components". Linear statistical methods such as the principal component analysis and its variants are widely used across various fields of applied…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2025-01-13 Iacopo Tirelli , Miguel Alfonso Mendez , Andrea Ianiro , Stefano Discetti

Identifying latent variables and causal structures from observational data is essential to many real-world applications involving biological data, medical data, and unstructured data such as images and languages. However, this task can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Lingjing Kong , Biwei Huang , Feng Xie , Eric Xing , Yuejie Chi , Kun Zhang

Current autoencoder-based disentangled representation learning methods achieve disentanglement by penalizing the (aggregate) posterior to encourage statistical independence of the latent factors. This approach introduces a trade-off between…

Multidimensional network data can have different levels of complexity, as nodes may be characterized by heterogeneous individual-specific features, which may vary across the networks. This paper introduces a class of models for…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-04-01 Silvia D'Angelo , Marco Alfò , Thomas Brendan Murphy

Estimates of the approximate factor model are increasingly used in empirical work. Their theoretical properties, studied some twenty years ago, also laid the ground work for analysis on large dimensional panel data models with cross-section…

Econometrics · Economics 2020-08-04 Jushan Bai , Serena Ng

Modern technology often generates data with complex structures in which both response and explanatory variables are matrix-valued. Existing methods in the literature are able to tackle matrix-valued predictors but are rather limited for…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-08-01 Shanshan Ding , R. Dennis Cook

Cross-classified multilevel modelling is an extension of standard multilevel modelling for non-hierarchical data that have cross-classified structures. Traditional multilevel models involve hierarchical data structures whereby lower level…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-07-08 George Leckie

It is difficult to use subsampling with variational inference in hierarchical models since the number of local latent variables scales with the dataset. Thus, inference in hierarchical models remains a challenge at large scale. It is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-08 Abhinav Agrawal , Justin Domke

In this paper, I outline several conceptual and methodological issues related to modeling individual and group processes embedded in clustered/hierarchical data structures. We position multilevel modeling techniques within a broader set of…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-12-29 Amira Ibrahim El-Desokey

We introduce a data-driven order reduction method for nonlinear control systems, drawing on recent progress in machine learning and statistical dimensionality reduction. The method rests on the assumption that the nonlinear system behaves…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-04-04 Jake Bouvrie , Boumediene Hamzi

In this paper, we propose three approaches for the estimation of the Tucker decomposition of multi-way arrays (tensors) from partial observations. All approaches are formulated as convex minimization problems. Therefore, the minimum is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-03-17 Ryota Tomioka , Kohei Hayashi , Hisashi Kashima

Modeling the complex relationships between multiple categorical response variables as a function of predictors is a fundamental task in the analysis of categorical data. However, existing methods can be difficult to interpret and may lack…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-10-08 Hongru Zhao , Aaron J. Molstad , Adam J. Rothman

We consider multi-class classification problems for high dimensional data. Following the idea of reduced-rank linear discriminant analysis (LDA), we introduce a new dimension reduction tool with a flavor of supervised principal component…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-03-28 Yue Selena Niu , Ning Hao , Bin Dong

With lowrank approximation the storage requirements for dense data are reduced down to linear complexity and with the addition of hierarchy this also works for data without global lowrank properties. However, the lowrank factors itself are…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2023-08-23 Ronald Kriemann

Factor analysis provides linear factors that describe relationships between individual variables of a data set. We extend this classical formulation into linear factors that describe relationships between groups of variables, where each…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-12-03 Arto Klami , Seppo Virtanen , Eemeli Leppäaho , Samuel Kaski

Factor models are widely used for dimension reduction in the analysis of multivariate data. This is achieved through decomposition of a p x p covariance matrix into the sum of two components. Through a latent factor representation, they can…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-07-01 Sarah Elizabeth Heaps , Ian Hyla Jermyn
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