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We consider a large family of equivalence relations on permutations in Sn that generalise those discovered by Knuth in his study of the Robinson-Schensted correspondence. In our most general setting, two permutations are equivalent if one…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-11-17 Steven Linton , James Propp , Tom Roby , Julian West

We study a family of equivalence relations on $S_n$, the group of permutations on $n$ letters, created in a manner similar to that of the Knuth relation and the forgotten relation. For our purposes, two permutations are in the same…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-08-23 William Kuszmaul , Ziling Zhou

Two mesh patterns are coincident if they are avoided by the same set of permutations, and are Wilf-equivalent if they have the same number of avoiders of each length. We provide sufficient conditions for coincidence of mesh patterns, when…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Murray Tannock , Henning Ulfarsson

In this paper, we study the Wilf-type equivalence relations among multiset permutations. We identify all multiset equivalences among pairs of patterns consisting of a pattern of length three and another pattern of length at most four. To…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-11-12 Vít Jelínek , Toufik Mansour , José L. Ramírez , Mark Shattuck

We study a family of equivalence relations on $S_n$, the group of permutations on $n$ letters, created in a manner similar to that of the Knuth relation and the forgotten relation. For our purposes, two permutations are in the same…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-03-04 William Kuszmaul

Two permutations in a class are Wilf-equivalent if, for every size, $n$, the number of permutations in the class of size $n$ containing each of them is the same. Those infinite classes that have only one equivalence class in each size for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Michael Albert , Jinge Li

We study questions of even-Wilf-equivalence, the analogue of Wilf-equivalence when attention is restricted to pattern avoidance by permutations in the alternating group. Although some Wilf-equivalence results break when considering…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-06-21 Andrew M. Baxter , Aaron D. Jaggard

In this paper we study pattern-replacement equivalence relations on the set $S_n$ of permutations of length $n$. Each equivalence relation is determined by a set of patterns, and equivalent permutations are connected by pattern-replacements…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-09-11 Michael Ma

We complete the Wilf classification of signed patterns of length 5 for both signed permutations and signed involutions. New general equivalences of patterns are given which prove Jaggard's conjectures concerning involutions in the symmetric…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-01-22 Mark Dukes , Vit Jelínek , Toufik Mansour , Astrid Reifegerste

We enumerate permutations that avoid all but one of the $k$ patterns of length $k$ starting with a monotone increasing subsequence of length $k-1$. We compare the size of such permutation classes to the size of the class of permutations…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-08-23 Miklós Bóna , Jay Pantone

We study the $\{1234, 3412\}$ pattern-replacement equivalence relation on the set $S_n$ of permutations of length $n$, which is conceptually similar to the Knuth relation. In particular, we enumerate and characterize the nontrivial…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-08-07 Quinn Perian , Bella Xu , Alexander Lu Zhang

For about 10 years, the classification of permutation patterns was thought completed up to length 6. In this paper, we establish a new class of Wilf-equivalent permutation patterns, namely, (n-1,n-2,n,tau)~(n-2,n,n-1,tau) for any tau in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Zvezdelina Stankova-Frenkel , Julian West

Two factorizations of a permutation into products of cycles are equivalent if one can be obtained from the other by repeatedly interchanging adjacent disjoint factors. This paper studies the enumeration of equivalence classes under this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-12-02 Gregory Berkolaiko , John Irving

The class of permutations that avoid the bivincular pattern (231, {1},{1}) is known to be enumerated by the Fishburn numbers. In this paper, we call them Fishburn permutations and study their pattern avoidance. For classical patterns of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-03-15 Juan B. Gil , Michael D. Weiner

We explore a new type of replacement of patterns in permutations, suggested by James Propp, that does not preserve the length of permutations. In particular, we focus on replacements between 123 and a pattern of two integer elements. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-09-20 Vahid Fazel-Rezai

The number of 123-avoiding permutation on $\{1,2,\ldots,n\}$ with a fixed leading terms is counted by the ballot numbers. The same holds for $132$-avoiding permutations. These results were proved by Miner and Pak using the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-24 Ömer Eğecioğlu , Collier Gaiser , Mei Yin

The existence of apparently coincidental equalities (also called Wilf-equivalences) between the enumeration sequences, or generating functions, of various hereditary classes of combinatorial structures has attracted significant interest. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-08-01 Michael Albert , Mathilde Bouvel

Motivated by a correlation between the distribution of descents over permutations that avoid a consecutive pattern and those avoiding the respective quasi-consecutive pattern, as established in this paper, we obtain a complete $\des$-Wilf…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-02-17 Yan Wang , Qi Fang , Shishuo Fu , Sergey Kitaev , Haijun Li

We introduce a new equivalence relation, named R-equivalence relation, on the set of colorings of an oriented knot diagram by a quandle. We determine the R-equivalence classes of colorings of a diagram of a torus knot by a quandle, called…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2025-01-14 Mai Sato

In a previous work, B\'ona and Pantone studied permutations that avoided all but one pattern of length $k$ that began with a length $k-1$ increasing subsequence. We draw the connection between that idea and distant patterns, first discussed…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-27 Nicholas Van Nimwegen
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