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Low-frequency observatories are currently being constructed with the goal of detecting redshifted 21cm emission from the epoch of reionization. These observatories will also be able to detect intensity fluctuations in the cumulative 21cm…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 Stuart Wyithe , Abraham Loeb , Paul Geil

A proposed method for dealing with foreground emission in upcoming 21-cm observations from the epoch of reionization is to limit observations to an uncontaminated window in Fourier space. Foreground emission can be avoided in this way,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-12-23 Hannes Jensen , Suman Majumdar , Garrelt Mellema , Adam Lidz , Ilian T. Iliev , Keri L. Dixon

Observations of the high-redshift Universe with the 21 cm hyperfine line of neutral hydrogen promise to open an entirely new window onto the early phases of cosmic structure formation. Here we review the physics of the 21 cm transition,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Steven Furlanetto , S. Peng Oh , Frank Briggs

Preliminary results are presented from a simple, single-antenna experiment designed to measure the all-sky radio spectrum between 100 and 200 MHz. The system used an internal comparison-switching scheme to reduce non-smooth instrumental…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Judd D. Bowman , Alan E. E. Rogers , Jacqueline N. Hewitt

Power spectrum of \HI 21-cm radiation is one of the promising probes to study large scale structure of the universe and understand galaxy formation and evolution. The presence of foregrounds, that are orders of magnitude larger in the same…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-28 Saikat Gayen , Rashmi Sagar , Sarvesh Mangla , Prasun Dutta , Nirupam Roy , Arnab Chakraborty , Jais Kumar , Abhirup Datta , Samir Choudhuri

Separating the cosmological redshifted 21-cm signal from foregrounds is a major challenge. We present the cross-correlation of the redshifted 21-cm emission from neutral hydrogen (HI) in the post-reionization era with the Ly-alpha forest as…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 Tapomoy Guha Sarkar , Somnath Bharadwaj , Tirthankar Roy Choudhury , Kanan Datta

Measurements from the Absolute Radiometer for Cosmology, Astrophysics, and Diffuse Emission 2 (ARCADE-2) reveal a strong radio background in the GHz frequency range. Since the cosmological 21-cm signal is measured relative to the background…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-17 Sudipta Sikder , Rajesh Mondal , Rennan Barkana , Anastasia Fialkov

We consider the evolution of the sky-averaged 21 cm background during the early phases of structure formation. Using simple analytic models, we calculate the thermal and ionization histories, assuming that stellar photons dominate the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Steven Furlanetto

The distances of Fast Radio Burst (FRB) sources are currently unknown. We show that the 21-cm absorption line of hydrogen can be used to infer the redshifts of FRB sources, and determine whether they are Galactic or extragalactic. We…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-04-20 Ben Margalit , Abraham Loeb

We present new optical and infrared photometry for a statistically complete sample of seven 1.1 mm selected sources with accurate Submillimetre Array coordinates. We determine photometric redshifts for four of the seven sources of 4.47,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-07-31 G. Raymond , S. A. Eales , S. Dye , R. Carlberg , M. Sullivan

Observations of 21-cm radio emission by neutral hydrogen at redshifts z ~ 0.5 to ~ 2.5 are expected to provide a sensitive probe of cosmic dark energy. This is particularly true around the onset of acceleration at z ~ 1, where traditional…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-07-22 Tzu-Ching Chang , Ue-Li Pen , Kevin Bandura , Jeffrey B. Peterson

We present the results of a z>2.9 survey for HI 21-cm and molecular absorption in the hosts of radio quasars using the GMRT and the Tidbinbilla 70-m telescope. Previously published searches, which are overwhelmingly at redshifts of z<1,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 S. J. Curran , M. T. Whiting , T. Wiklind , J. K. Webb , M. T. Murphy , C. R. Purcell

(Abridged) This is the second in a series of three papers which present and interpret basic observational data on the 6C* 151-MHz radio sample: a low-frequency selected sample which exploits filtering criteria based on radio properties…

The future of precision cosmology could benefit from cross-correlations between intensity maps of unresolved neutral hydrogen (HI) and more conventional optical galaxy surveys. A major challenge that needs to be overcome is removing the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-07-17 Steven Cunnington , Laura Wolz , Alkistis Pourtsidou , David Bacon

After reionization, emission in the 21 cm hyperfine transition provides a direct probe of neutral hydrogen distributed in galaxies. Different from galaxy redshift surveys, observation of baryon acoustic oscillations in the cumulative 21 cm…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-06-14 Xiao-Chun Mao

The 21cm forest -- HI absorption features in the spectra of high-redshift radio sources -- can potentially provide a unique probe of the largely neutral intergalactic medium (IGM) during the epoch of reionization. We present simulations of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Katherine J. Mack , J. Stuart B. Wyithe

21cm intensity mapping experiments aim to observe the diffuse neutral hydrogen (HI) distribution on large scales which traces the Cosmic structure. The Square Kilometre Array (SKA) will have the capacity to measure the 21cm signal over a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-01-19 Laura Wolz , Filipe B. Abdalla , David Alonso , Chris Blake , Philip Bull , Tzu-Ching Chang , Pedro G. Ferreira , Cheng-Yu Kuo , Marios G. Santos , Richard Shaw

From a survey for redshifted HI 21-cm and OH 18-cm absorption in the hosts of a sample of radio galaxies and quasars, we detect HI in three of the ten and OH in none of the fourteen sources for which useful data were obtained. As expected…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 S. J. Curran , M. T. Whiting , M. T. Murphy , J. K. Webb , C. Bignell , A. G. Polatidis , T. Wiklind , P. Francis , G. Langston

Unlike at lower redshift, where there is a 40% detection rate, surveys for 21-cm absorption arising within the hosts of z > 1 radio galaxies and quasars have been remarkably unsuccessful. Curran et al.(2008) suggest that this is due to the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 S. J. Curran , M. T. Whiting , E. M. Sadler , C. Bignell