Related papers: ZM theory V: Lorentz force equation and the vector…
The Lorentz transformation is derived without assuming the existence of Maxwell's equations, or that the speed of light is a constant, or even that light exists. This leads us logically to sonsider the existence of a primal field called…
If potential energy is the timelike component of a four-vector, then there must be a corresponding spacelike part which would logically be called the potential momentum. The potential four-momentum consisting of the potential momentum and…
Motivated by ultra-high-energy cosmic ray physics, we discuss all the possible alternatives to the familiar Lorentz transformations of the momentum and the energy of a particle. Starting from natural physical requirements, we exclude all…
Examination of the Einstein energy-momentum relationship suggests that simple unbound forms of matter exist in a four-dimensional Euclidean space. Position, momentum, velocity, and other vector quantities can be expressed as Euclidean…
The Lorentz Transformation is traditionally derived requiring the Principle of Relativity and light-speed universality. While the latter can be relaxed, the Principle of Relativity is seen as core to the transformation. The present letter…
The Lorentz transformations are represented by Einstein velocity addition on the ball of relativistically admissible velocities. This representation is by projective maps. The Lie algebra of this representation defines the relativistic…
Assume that arc length is measured with the flat spacetime metric. Then, for the most general Poincare group representation for translating 4-vectors, curves with parallel translated tangent vectors must have accelerations that are the…
The potential concept that is successful in classical electrodynamics should also be applicable to the nonlinear electromagnetic forces acting on matter. The obvious method of determining these potentials should be provided by Helmholtz's…
In this work, it is shown that the energy and momentum of electromagnetic fields created by a classical charge, whose velocity varies with time, do not form four-vector. A possible explanation for this result is that the calculation of…
The concept of a physical space, which actualizes Euclidean geometry, is not confined to the statics of solids but extensible to the phenomena where Newtonian mechanics is valid, defining its concept of time. The laws of propagation of…
A Gravitoelectromagnetism formalism in the context of metric f(R) theory is presented and the analogue Lorentz force law is derived. Some interesting results such as the dependence of the deviation from General Relativity on the absolute…
A little error was eliminated from Hertz equations. New Hertz equations do not contradict to all electromagnetic experiments. Therefore Hertz electrodynamics is the alternative to Einstein electrodynamics. It means that the question about…
The shortening of bodies in the direction of motion, Lorentz contraction, follows from the solution of Maxwell's equations. Moving light clocks will tick slower than those at rest because the speed of light does not depend on a source of…
The Lorentz transformation is entirely derived from length contraction, itself established through the known light-clock thought experiment . This makes the derivation accessible to beginning students once Eintein's two postulates have been…
We show that starting with the fact that special relativity theory is concerned with a distortion of the observed length of a moving rod, without mentioning if it is a "contraction" or "dilation", we can derive the Lorentz transformations…
Planck's formula and General Relativity indicate that potential energy influences spacetime. Using Einstein's Equivalence Principle and an extension of his Chock Hypothesis, an explicit description of this influence is derived. We present a…
There are many papers devoted to derivation of Lorentz Transformations (LT). Many people have pro posed alternative derivations. Their analysis allows looking at LT and their consequences from different standpoints. At the same time it is…
Physical time intervals are attributes of single physical object whereas physical space intervals are a relational attribute of two physical objects. Some consequences of the breaking of the space-time exchange symmetry inherent in the…
Non-relativistic quantum mechanics is shown to emerge from classical mechanics through the requirement of a relativity principle based on special transformations acting on position and momentum uncertainties. These transformations keep the…
Maxwell's equations and the equations governing charged particle dynamics are presented for a rotating coordinate system with the global time coordinate of an observer on the rotational axis. Special care is taken in defining the relevant…