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In contrast to previous work in the field, we construct the Loop Quantum Cosmology (LQC) of the flat isotropic model with a massless scalar field in the absence of higher order curvature corrections to the gravitational part of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-01-30 Madhavan Varadarajan

Using general features of recent quantizations of the Hamiltonian constraint in loop quantum gravity and loop quantum cosmology, a dynamical interpretation of the constraint equation as evolution equation is presented. This involves a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 Martin Bojowald

We use the method of embedding a subsystem (i.e. its observable algebra) into a larger quantum system to extract a cosmological sector from full Loop Quantum Gravity. The application of this method provides a setting for a systematic study…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-11-08 Tim A. Koslowski

In recent years, Loop Quantum Gravity has emerged as a solid candidate for a nonperturbative quantum theory of General Relativity. It is a background independent theory based on a description of the gravitational field in terms of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-16 Guillermo A. Mena Marugan

We construct and study Loop Quantum Cosmology (LQC) when the Barbero-Immirzi parameter takes the complex value $\gamma=\pm i$. We refer to this new quantum cosmology as complex Loop Quantum Cosmology. We proceed in making an analytic…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-22 Jibril Ben Achour , Julien Grain , Karim Noui

In this letter, we stress that the simplest cosmological model consisting in a massless scalar field minimally coupled to homogeneous and isotropic gravity has an in-built $\SL(2,\mathbb{R})$ symmetry. Protecting this symmetry naturally…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-07-18 Jibril Ben Achour , Etera R. Livine

The volume operator plays a pivotal role for the quantum dynamics of Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG). It is essential in order to construct Triad operators that enter the Hamiltonian constraint and which become densely defined operators on the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 Kristina Giesel , Thomas Thiemann

The absence of isotropic singularity in loop quantum cosmology can be understood in an effective classical description as the universe exhibiting a Big Bounce. We show that with scalar matter field, the big bounce is generic in the sense…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 Ghanashyam Date , Golam Mortuza Hossain

We analyze the loop quantization of the family of vacuum Bianchi I spacetimes, a gravitational system whose classical solutions describe homogeneous anisotropic cosmologies. We rigorously construct the operator that represents the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-02-20 M. Martin-Benito , G. A. Mena Marugan , T. Pawlowski

Quantum gravity is expected to be necessary in order to understand situations where classical general relativity breaks down. In particular in cosmology one has to deal with initial singularities, i.e. the fact that the backward evolution…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-10-19 Martin Bojowald

In the framework of loop quantum cosmology anomaly free quantizations of the Hamiltonian constraint for Bianchi class A, locally rotationally symmetric and isotropic models are given. Basic ideas of the construction in (non-symmetric) loop…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 Martin Bojowald

Solvable loop quantum cosmology provides a simple model of spatially flat, homogeneous, and isotropic quantum cosmology where the initial singularity is resolved. A close inspection of the literature reveals that there exist two different…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-04-05 Norbert Bodendorfer

Quantum effects are expected to modify the cosmological dynamics of the early universe while maintaining some (potentially discrete) notion of space-time structure. In one approach, loop quantum cosmology, current models are shown here to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-29 Martin Bojowald , Manuel Diaz , Erick I. Duque

We perform $\textit{exact}$ half-line path integral quantization of flat, homogeneous cosmological models containing a perfect fluid acting as an internal clock, in a $D+1$ dimensional minisuperspace setup. We also discuss certain classes…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-05-20 Vikramaditya Mondal , Harkirat Singh Sahota , Kinjalk Lochan

Loop quantum cosmology is a symmetry reduced quantization of cosmological spacetimes based on loop quantum gravity. While it has been successful in resolution of various cosmological singularities and connecting Planck scale physics to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-12-25 Klaus Liegener , Parampreet Singh

In the loop approach to the quantisation of gravity, one uses a Hilbert space which is too singular for some operators to be realised as derivatives. This is usually addressed by instead using finite difference operators at the Planck…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-12-17 Robert C. Helling

Applications of Riemannian quantum geometry to cosmology have had notable successes. In particular, the fundamental discreteness underlying quantum geometry has led to a natural resolution of the big bang singularity. However, the precise…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-05-05 Abhay Ashtekar , Martin Bojowald , Jerzy Lewandowski

Recently, an alternative Hamiltonian constraint for Loop Quantum Cosmology has been put forward by Dapor and Liegener, inspired by previous work on regularization due to Thiemann. Here, we quantize this Hamiltonian following a prescription…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-05-15 Alejandro García-Quismondo , Guillermo A. Mena Marugán

We describe quantization schemes for scalar field cosmology in the metric variables with fundamental discreteness imposed with a lattice. The variables chosen for quantization determine the lattice, and each lattice produces distinct…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-18 Mustafa Saeed , Viqar Husain

A general class of loop quantizations for anisotropic models is introduced and discussed, which enhances loop quantum cosmology by relevant features seen in inhomogeneous situations. The main new effect is an underlying lattice which is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Martin Bojowald , Daniel Cartin , Gaurav Khanna