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The tunneling spectrum of an electron and a hole in metal-superconductor-metal junctions is computed using the Blonder-Tinkham-Klapwijk theory. The incident and the outgoing currents finally balance each other by an interface charge inside…

Superconductivity · Physics 2014-08-20 W. LiMing , J. J. Ouyang , Liangbin Hu

We theoretically study coherent multiple Andreev reflections in a biased three-terminal Josephson junction. We demonstrate that the direct current flowing through the junction consists of supercurrent components when the bias voltages are…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-02-22 M. P. Nowak , M. Wimmer , A. R. Akhmerov

The energy-dependent Andreev reflection eigenvalues determine the transport properties of normal-superconducting systems. We evaluate the eigenvalue density to get an insight into formation of resonant electron-hole transport channels. The…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 P. Samuelsson , W. Belzig , Yu. V. Nazarov

We develop a quasiclassical theory of Andreev interferometers with three superconducting electrodes. Provided tunneling interface resistance between one superconducting electrode and the normal metal strongly exceeds two others, significant…

Superconductivity · Physics 2015-06-04 A. V. Galaktionov , A. D. Zaikin , L. S Kuzmin

Since the discovery of the Andreev reflection process at normal-metal/superconductor junctions and the corresponding Andreev bound states in superconductor/normal-metal/superconductor junctions, various multiterminal Josephson junctions…

Superconductivity · Physics 2025-12-29 Panch Ram , Detlef Beckmann , Romain Danneau , Wolfgang Belzig

We study theoretically the differential conductance at a junction between a time reversal symmetry broken spin orbit coupled system with a tunable band gap and a superconductor. We look for spin-dependent Andreev reflection (i.e, sub-gap…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-12-14 Dibya Kanti Mukherjee , Joanna Hutchinson , Arijit Kundu

We construct a theory for low-energy quantum transport in normal$\mid$superconductor junctions involving the recently discovered iron-based high-$T_c$ superconductors. We properly take into account both Andreev bound surface states and the…

Superconductivity · Physics 2009-11-13 Jacob Linder , Asle Sudbø

Single atom junctions between superconducting niobium leads are produced using the Mechanically Controllable Break Junction technique. The current-voltage characteristics of these junctions are analysed using an exact formulation for a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 B. Ludoph , N. van der Post , E. N. Bratus' , E. V. Bezuglyi , V. S. Shumeiko , G. Wendin , J. M. van Ruitenbeek

Coherent charge transport along ballistic paths can be introduced into graphene by Andreev reflection, for which an electron reflects from a superconducting contact as a hole, while a Cooper pair is transmitted. We use a liquid-helium…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-08-26 S. Bhandari , G. -H. Lee , K. Watanabe , T. Taniguchi , P. Kim , R. M. Westervelt

We have examined the electrical behavior of Josephson junctions formed by a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) with a Nb sample and a Nb tip, with normal-state resistances Rn varying between 1 kOhm and 10 MOhm. Current-voltage…

Superconductivity · Physics 2026-01-16 Wan-Ting Liao , S. K. Dutta , R. E. Butera , C. J. Lobb , F. C. Wellstood , M. Dreyer

We have calculated current-voltage characteristic curves for normal-superconducting junctions with Andreev reflections and different types of electronic bands. We found that when the normal band is narrow, of the order of the…

Superconductivity · Physics 2009-03-13 N. García , P. Esquinazi

By an exact formulation of tunnelling into a multi-band superconductor in terms of Green's functions, we demonstrate that the multi-band feature of the iron-based superconductors can lead to novel interference between Andreev reflections…

Superconductivity · Physics 2013-05-29 Da Wang , Yuan Wan , Qiang-Hua Wang

We present an approach for analyzing the dc current in voltage biased quantum superconducting junctions. By separating terms from different $n$-particle processes, we find that the $n$-particle current can be mapped on the problem of wave…

Superconductivity · Physics 2009-10-31 G. Johansson , K. N. Bratus' , V. S. Shumeiko , G. Wendin

We describe the conductance of a normal-superconducting junction in systems with Landau levels that preserve time reversal symmetry. Those Landau levels have been observed in strained honeycomb lattices. The current is carried along the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-07-14 K. G. S. H. Gunawardana , Bruno Uchoa

Understanding the subgap behavior of Normal-Insulator-Superconductor (NIS) tunnel junctions is important in order to be able to accurately model the thermal properties of the junctions. Hekking and Nazarov developed a theory in which NIS…

Superconductivity · Physics 2011-11-23 Peter J. Lowell , Galen C. O'Neil , Jason M. Underwood , Joel N. Ullom

Andreev bound states are superpositions of electrons and holes in a metal that form by coherent reflection from a superconductor. When the length of the superconductor is comparable to the superconducting coherence length, Andreev bound…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-08-19 Anders Enevold Dahl , Andrea Maiani , Max Geier , Javad Shabani , Karsten Flensberg

We study a non-Hermitian, multiterminal superconducting-normal system in order to identify experimental signatures of exceptional points. We focus on a minimal setting with a single spinful level, spin-dependent normal leads, and a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-05-20 Oliver Solow , Karsten Flensberg

Altermagnets are a new class of magnetic materials, which exhibit large spin splitting, but due to the combined spin and real space group symmetry protection maintain zero net macroscopic magnetization. Such a characteristic may prove them…

Superconductivity · Physics 2023-10-18 Michał Papaj

We report on electronic transport properties of mesoscopic superconductor-ferromagnet spin-valve structures. Two ferromagnetic iron leads form planar tunnel contacts to a superconducting aluminum wire, where the distance of the two contacts…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 D. Beckmann , H. v. Löhneysen

We study Andreev reflection in graphene nanoribbon/superconductor hybrid junctions. By using a tight-binding approach and the scattering formalism we show that finite-size effects lead to notable differences with respect to the bulk…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-03-28 Diego Rainis , Fabio Taddei , Fabrizio Dolcini , Marco Polini , Rosario Fazio