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Related papers: On Estimating the First Frequency Moment of Data S…

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For each $p \in (0,2]$, we present a randomized algorithm that returns an $\epsilon$-approximation of the $p$th frequency moment of a data stream $F_p = \sum_{i = 1}^n \abs{f_i}^p$. The algorithm requires space $O(\epsilon^{-2} \log…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2010-06-21 Sumit Ganguly

We give a space-optimal algorithm with update time O(log^2(1/eps)loglog(1/eps)) for (1+eps)-approximating the pth frequency moment, 0 < p < 2, of a length-n vector updated in a data stream. This provides a nearly exponential improvement in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2010-07-26 Daniel M. Kane , Jelani Nelson , Ely Porat , David P. Woodruff

Estimating the second frequency moment of a stream up to $(1\pm\varepsilon)$ multiplicative error requires at most $O(\log n / \varepsilon^2)$ bits of space, due to a seminal result of Alon, Matias, and Szegedy. It is also known that at…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Mark Braverman , Or Zamir

We revisit one of the classic problems in the data stream literature, namely, that of estimating the frequency moments $F_p$ for $0 < p < 2$ of an underlying $n$-dimensional vector presented as a sequence of additive updates in a stream. It…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-03-07 Vladimir Braverman , Emanuele Viola , David Woodruff , Lin F. Yang

We present an algorithm for computing $F_p$, the $p$th moment of an $n$-dimensional frequency vector of a data stream, for $2 < p < \log (n) $, to within $1\pm \epsilon$ factors, $\epsilon \in [n^{-1/p},1]$ with high constant probability.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-03-19 Sumit Ganguly

Estimating the second frequency moment $F_2$ of a data stream up to a $(1 \pm \varepsilon)$ factor is a central problem in the streaming literature. For errors $\varepsilon > \Omega(1/\sqrt{n})$, the tight bound…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Naomi Green-Maimon , Or Zamir

The exact computation of the number of distinct elements (frequency moment $F_0$) is a fundamental problem in the study of data streaming algorithms. We denote the length of the stream by $n$ where each symbol is drawn from a universe of…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2014-02-28 Hartmut Klauck , Ved Prakash

In this paper we consider the problem of approximating frequency moments in the streaming model. Given a stream $D = \{p_1,p_2,\dots,p_m\}$ of numbers from $\{1,\dots, n\}$, a frequency of $i$ is defined as $f_i = |\{j: p_j = i\}|$. The…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-01-28 Vladimir Braverman , Jonathan Katzman , Charles Seidell , Gregory Vorsanger

A data stream is viewed as a sequence of $M$ updates of the form $(\text{index},i,v)$ to an $n$-dimensional integer frequency vector $f$, where the update changes $f_i$ to $f_i + v$, and $v$ is an integer and assumed to be in $\{-m, ...,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2010-06-01 Sumit Ganguly , Purushottam Kar

We show an improved lower bound for the Fp estimation problem in a data stream setting for p>2. A data stream is a sequence of items from the domain [n] with possible repetitions. The frequency vector x is an n-dimensional non-negative…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-03-19 Sumit Ganguly

The problem of estimating the pth moment F_p (p nonnegative and real) in data streams is as follows. There is a vector x which starts at 0, and many updates of the form x_i <-- x_i + v come sequentially in a stream. The algorithm also…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2009-04-09 Daniel M. Kane , Jelani Nelson , David P. Woodruff

The efficient estimation of frequency moments of a data stream in one-pass using limited space and time per item is one of the most fundamental problem in data stream processing. An especially important estimation is to find the number of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2010-10-29 Gokarna Sharma , Costas Busch , Srikanta Tirthapura

We study the classical problem of moment estimation of an underlying vector whose $n$ coordinates are implicitly defined through a series of updates in a data stream. We show that if the updates to the vector arrive in the random-order…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-07-08 David P. Woodruff , Samson Zhou

The \emph{$\ell_2$ tracking problem} is the task of obtaining a streaming algorithm that, given access to a stream of items $a_1,a_2,a_3,\ldots$ from a universe $[n]$, outputs at each time $t$ an estimate to the $\ell_2$ norm of the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-09-02 Chi-Ning Chou , Zhixian Lei , Preetum Nakkiran

Given data stream $D = \{p_1,p_2,...,p_m\}$ of size $m$ of numbers from $\{1,..., n\}$, the frequency of $i$ is defined as $f_i = |\{j: p_j = i\}|$. The $k$-th \emph{frequency moment} of $D$ is defined as $F_k = \sum_{i=1}^n f_i^k$. We…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-12-05 Vladimir Braverman , Rafail Ostrovsky

Estimating frequency moments of data streams is a very well studied problem and tight bounds are known on the amount of space that is necessary and sufficient when the stream is adversarially ordered. Recently, motivated by various…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2008-08-19 Alexandr Andoni , Andrew McGregor , Krzysztof Onak , Rina Panigrahy

The traditional requirement for a randomized streaming algorithm is just {\em one-shot}, i.e., algorithm should be correct (within the stated $\eps$-error bound) at the end of the stream. In this paper, we study the {\em tracking} problem,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-12-05 Zengfeng Huang , Wai Ming Tai , Ke Yi

We present a randomized algorithm for estimating the $p$th moment $F_p$ of the frequency vector of a data stream in the general update (turnstile) model to within a multiplicative factor of $1 \pm \epsilon$, for $p > 2$, with high constant…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-06-05 Sumit Ganguly

We consider a basic problem in the general data streaming model, namely, to estimate a vector $f \in \Z^n$ that is arbitrarily updated (i.e., incremented or decremented) coordinate-wise. The estimate $\hat{f} \in \Z^n$ must satisfy…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2008-04-07 Sumit Ganguly

In a ground-breaking paper, Indyk and Woodruff (STOC 05) showed how to compute $F_k$ (for $k>2$) in space complexity $O(\mbox{\em poly-log}(n,m)\cdot n^{1-\frac2k})$, which is optimal up to (large) poly-logarithmic factors in $n$ and $m$,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-03-17 Vladimir Braverman , Rafail Ostrovsky
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