Related papers: The Repulsion Motif in Diophantine Equations
Hilbert's Irreducibility Theorem is a cornerstone that joins areas of analysis and number theory. Both the genesis and genius of its proof involved combining real analysis and combinatorics. We try to expose the motivations that led Hilbert…
By using pairs of nontrivial rational solutions of congruent number equation $$ C_N:\;\;y^2=x^3-N^2x, $$ constructed are pairs of rational right (Pythagorean) triangles with one common side and the other sides equal to the sum and…
This work is motivated by problems on simultaneous Diophantine approximation on manifolds, namely, establishing Khintchine and Jarnik type theorems for submanifolds of R^n. These problems have attracted a lot of interest since Kleinbock and…
Diophantine approximation explores how well irrational numbers can be approximated by rationals, with foundational results by Dirichlet, Hurwitz, and Liouville culminating in Roth's theorem. Schmidt's subspace theorem extends Roth's results…
Recursive formulas are derived for the number of solutions of linear and quadratic Diophantine equations with positive coefficients. This result is further extended to general non-linear additive Diophantine equations. It is shown that all…
In this paper we adopt a geometric point of view regarding a famous conjecture due to Littlewood in diophantine approximation of real numbers. Following the spirit of the geometric theory of continued fractions, we give a sufficient…
The problem of finding perfect Euler cuboids or proving their non-existence is an old unsolved problem in mathematics. The second cuboid conjecture is one of the three propositions suggested as intermediate stages in proving the…
Andrew Ogg's mathematical viewpoint has inspired an increasingly broad array of results and conjectures. His results and conjectures have earmarked fruitful turning points in our subject, and his influence has been such a gift to all of us.…
Given quantities $\Delta_1,\Delta_2,\dots\geqslant 0$, a fundamental problem in Diophantine approximation is to understand which irrational numbers $x$ have infinitely many reduced rational approximations $a/q$ such that $|x-a/q|<\Delta_q$.…
Wiles' proof of Fermat's last theorem initiated a powerful new approach towards the resolution of certain Diophantine equations over $\mathbb{Q}$. Numerous novel obstacles arise when extending this approach to the resolution of Diophantine…
We consider a variety of Euler's conjecture, i.e., whether the Diophantine system \[\begin{cases} n=a_{1}+a_{2}+\cdots+a_{s-1}, a_{1}a_{2}\cdots a_{s-1}(a_{1}+a_{2}+\cdots+a_{s-1})=b^{s} \end{cases}\] has solutions…
We conjecture that if a system S \subseteq {x_i=1, x_i+x_j=x_k, x_i \cdot x_j=x_k: i,j,k \in {1,...,n}} has only finitely many solutions in integers x_1,...,x_n, then each such solution (x_1,...,x_n) satisfies |x_1|,...,|x_n| \leq…
Fix $d\in\mathbb N$, and let $S\subseteq\mathbb R^d$ be either a real-analytic manifold or the limit set of an iterated function system (for example, $S$ could be the Cantor set or the von Koch snowflake). An $extrinsic$ Diophantine…
We give an alternative proof of Faltings's theorem (Mordell's conjecture): a curve of genus at least two over a number field has finitely many rational points. Our argument utilizes the set-up of Faltings's original proof, but is in spirit…
We initiate the study of an intrinsic notion of Diophantine approximation on a rational Carnot group $G$. If $G$ has Hausdorff dimension $Q$, we show that its Diophantine exponent is equal to $(Q+1)/Q$, generalizing the case $G=\mathbb…
Assuming Schanuel's conjecture, we prove that any polynomial exponential equation in one variable must have a solution that is transcendental over a given finitely generated field. With the help of some recent results in Diophantine…
This survey article is an introduction to Diophantine Geometry at a basic undergraduate level. It focuses on Diophantine Equations and the qualitative description of their solutions rather than detailed proofs.
Nobody has discovered any perfect cuboid and there is no formula to deliver all possible Euler bricks. During investigations of famous open problems regarding the perfect cuboid and Euler brick; I have found new important conjectures on…
The purpose of this note is to give a short, selfcontained proof of the following result: A complex surface which is diffeomeorphic to a rational surface is rational.
We first recall the connection, going back to A. Thue, between rational approximation to algebraic numbers and integer solutions of some Diophantine equations. Next we recall the equivalence between several finiteness results on various…