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We introduce a novel family of distances, called the chord gap divergences, that generalizes the Jensen divergences (also called the Burbea-Rao distances), and study its properties. It follows a generalization of the celebrated statistical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-15 Frank Nielsen

In this paper, we generalize the notions of centroids and barycenters to the broad class of information-theoretic distortion measures called Bregman divergences. Bregman divergences are versatile, and unify quadratic geometric distances…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2007-11-22 Frank Nielsen , Richard Nock

Divergences or similarity measures between probability distributions have become a very useful tool for studying different aspects of statistical objects such as time series, networks and images. Notably not every divergence provides…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-11-30 Diego M. Mateos , Leonardo E. Riveaud , Pedro W. Lamberti

The Jensen-Shannon divergence is a renown bounded symmetrization of the Kullback-Leibler divergence which does not require probability densities to have matching supports. In this paper, we introduce a vector-skew generalization of the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-10-01 Frank Nielsen

Comparative convexity is a generalization of convexity relying on abstract notions of means. We define the Jensen divergence and the Jensen diversity from the viewpoint of comparative convexity, and show how to obtain the generalized…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-05-05 Frank Nielsen , Richard Nock

We introduce a novel parametric family of symmetric information-theoretic distances based on Jensen's inequality for a convex functional generator. In particular, this family unifies the celebrated Jeffreys divergence with the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2011-12-20 Frank Nielsen

In previous work the authors defined the k-th order simplicial distance between probability distributions which arises naturally from a measure of dispersion based on the squared volume of random simplices of dimension k. This theory is…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-09-06 Luc Pronzato , Henry Wynn , Anatoly Zhigljavsky

We first introduce the class of strictly quasiconvex and strictly quasiconcave Jensen divergences which are oriented (asymmetric) distances, and study some of their properties. We then define the strictly quasiconvex Bregman divergences as…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-10-08 Frank Nielsen , Gaëtan Hadjeres

We introduce a new one-parameter family of divergence measures, called bounded Bhattacharyya distance (BBD) measures, for quantifying the dissimilarity between probability distributions. These measures are bounded, symmetric and positive…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-04-12 Shivakumar Jolad , Ahmed Roman , Mahesh C. Shastry , Mihir Gadgil , Ayanendranath Basu

Bayesian classification labels observations based on given prior information, namely class-a priori and class-conditional probabilities. Bayes' risk is the minimum expected classification cost that is achieved by the Bayes' test, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Frank Nielsen

Bregman divergences play a central role in the design and analysis of a range of machine learning algorithms. This paper explores the use of Bregman divergences to establish reductions between such algorithms and their analyses. We present…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-07-04 Richard Nock , Aditya Krishna Menon , Cheng Soon Ong

The paper introduces scaled Bregman distances of probability distributions which admit non-uniform contributions of observed events. They are introduced in a general form covering not only the distances of discrete and continuous stochastic…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-05-12 Wolfgang Stummer , Igor Vajda

Mixture distributions arise in many parametric and non-parametric settings -- for example, in Gaussian mixture models and in non-parametric estimation. It is often necessary to compute the entropy of a mixture, but, in most cases, this…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Artemy Kolchinsky , Brendan D. Tracey

By analogy to the terminology of curved exponential families in statistics, we define curved Bregman divergences as Bregman divergences restricted to non-affine parameter subspaces and sub-dimensional Bregman divergences when the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Frank Nielsen

The purpose of this paper is twofold. On a technical side, we propose an extension of the Hausdorff distance from metric spaces to spaces equipped with asymmetric distance measures. Specifically, we focus on the family of Bregman…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Tuyen Pham , Hana Dal Poz Kouřimská , Hubert Wagner

With the development of Big data technology, data analysis has become increasingly important. Traditional clustering algorithms such as K-means are highly sensitive to the initial centroid selection and perform poorly on non-convex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-28 Ying Xiao , Hou-biao Li , Yu-pu Zhang

Recent progress in center-based clustering algorithms combats poor local minima by implicit annealing, using a family of generalized means. These methods are variations of Lloyd's celebrated $k$-means algorithm, and are most appropriate for…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-06-23 Adithya Vellal , Saptarshi Chakraborty , Jason Xu

A common goal in observational research is to estimate marginal causal effects in the presence of confounding variables. One solution to this problem is to use the covariate distribution to weight the outcomes such that the data appear…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-08-18 Kevin P. Josey , Elizabeth Juarez-Colunga , Fan Yang , Debashis Ghosh

We describe a framework to build distances by measuring the tightness of inequalities, and introduce the notion of proper statistical divergences and improper pseudo-divergences. We then consider the H\"older ordinary and reverse…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-04-05 Frank Nielsen , Ke Sun , Stéphane Marchand-Maillet

We propose a simple, projection-based algorithm for clustering mixtures of discrete (Bernoulli) distributions. Unlike previous approaches that rely on coordinate-specific ``combinatorial projections,'' our algorithm is rotationally…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Pradipta Mitra
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