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The constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) on a relational structure B is to decide, given a set of constraints on variables where the relations come from B, whether or not there is a assignment to the variables satisfying all of the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2014-06-03 Hubie Chen

The constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) has important applications in computer science and AI. In particular, infinite-domain CSPs have been intensively used in subareas of AI such as spatio-temporal reasoning. Since constraint…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-07-06 Konrad K. Dabrowski , Peter Jonsson , Sebastian Ordyniak , George Osipov

A computational problem exhibits a "gap property" when there is no tractable boundary between two disjoint sets of instances. We establish a Gap Trichotomy Theorem for a family of constraint problem variants, completely classifying the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2017-03-28 Lucy Ham

Many natural decision problems can be formulated as constraint satisfaction problems for reducts $\mathbb{A}$ of finitely bounded homogeneous structures. This class of problems is a large generalisation of the class of CSPs over finite…

Logic · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Manuel Bodirsky , Antoine Mottet

A Boolean constraint satisfaction instance is a conjunction of constraint applications, where the allowed constraints are drawn from a fixed set B of Boolean functions. We consider the problem of determining whether two given constraint…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2007-05-23 E. Boehler , E. Hemaspaandra , Steffen Reith , Heribert Vollmer

In the Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP for short) the goal is to decide the existence of a homomorphism from a given relational structure $G$ to a given relational structure $H$. If the structure $H$ is fixed and $G$ is the only input,…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Andrei A. Bulatov , Amirhossein Kazeminia

We present a structural classification of constraint satisfaction problems (CSP) described by reflexive complete $2$-edge-coloured graphs. In particular, this classification extends the structural dichotomy for graph homomorphism problems…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Alexey Barsukov , Santiago Guzmán-Pro

We study the Constraint Satisfaction Problem CSP(A), where A is first-order definable in (Z;+,1) and contains +. We prove such problems are either in P or NP-complete.

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2018-07-04 Manuel Bodirsky , Barnaby Martin , Marcello Mamino , Antoine Mottet

We study the complexity of the valued constraint satisfaction problem (VCSP) for every valued structure with the domain ${\mathbb Q}$ that is preserved by all order-preserving bijections. Such VCSPs will be called temporal, in analogy to…

Logic · Mathematics 2026-01-21 Manuel Bodirsky , Édouard Bonnet , Žaneta Semanišinová

A Valued Constraint Satisfaction Problem (VCSP) provides a common framework that can express a wide range of discrete optimization problems. A VCSP instance is given by a finite set of variables, a finite domain of labels, and an objective…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2019-04-23 Vladimir Kolmogorov

The Promise Constraint Satisfaction Problem (PCSP for short) is a generalization of the well-studied Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP). The PCSP has its roots in such classic problems as the Approximate Graph Coloring and the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Arash Beikmohammadi , Andrei A. Bulatov

In this paper we study the approximability of (Finite-)Valued Constraint Satisfaction Problems (VCSPs) with a fixed finite constraint language {\Gamma} consisting of finitary functions on a fixed finite domain. An instance of VCSP is given…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2018-03-22 Victor Dalmau , Andrei Krokhin , Rajsekar Manokaran

In the constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) corresponding to a constraint language (i.e., a set of relations) $\Gamma$, the goal is to find an assignment of values to variables so that a given set of constraints specified by relations from…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2014-01-21 Andrei A. Bulatov , Dániel Marx

A counting constraint satisfaction problem (#CSP) asks for the number of ways to satisfy a given list of constraints, drawn from a fixed constraint language \Gamma. We study how hard it is to evaluate this number approximately. There is an…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2012-04-26 Colin McQuillan

Constraint Satisfaction Problem on finite sets is known to be NP-complete in general but certain restrictions on the constraint language can ensure tractability. It was proved that if a constraint language has a weak near unanimity…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2019-03-07 Dmitriy Zhuk

The Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP) has been intensively studied in many areas of computer science and mathematics. The approach to the CSP based on tools from universal algebra turned out to be the most successful one to study the…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-01-16 Andrei A. Bulatov

To any fixed, finite relational structure, $\mathbb{D}$, there is an associated decision problem, CSP$(\mathbb{D})$, which is a restricted version of the constraint satisfaction problem. In [8], the so called "algebraic approach" to the…

Logic · Mathematics 2016-09-14 Ian Payne

An important question in the study of constraint satisfaction problems (CSP) is understanding how the graph or hypergraph describing the incidence structure of the constraints influences the complexity of the problem. For binary CSP…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-03-13 Dániel Marx

A wide range of problems can be modelled as constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs), that is, a set of constraints that must be satisfied simultaneously. Constraints can either be represented extensionally, by explicitly listing allowed…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-02-10 Evgenij Thorstensen

Constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs) consist of a set of variables taking values from some finite domain and a set of local constraints on these variables. The objective is to find an assignment to the variables that maximizes the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Amey Bhangale , Yezhou Zhang