Related papers: Pythagorean Triples and Cryptographic Coding

This paper presents new properties of Primitive Pythagorean Triples (PPT) that have relevance in applications where events of different probability need to be generated and in cryptography.

This paper shows that the six classes of PPTs can be put into two groups. Autocorrelation and cross-correlation functions of the six classes derived from the gaps between each class type have been computed. It is shown that Classes A and D…

Dr. Ron Knott constructed a graph of all Primitive Pythagorean Triples (PPTs) with legs up to length 10,000, using Mathematica. The patterns are very interesting, suggesting conic sections. We show that they indeed are parabolic curves…

Primitive Pythagorean triples (PPT) may be put into different equivalence classes using residues with respect to primes. We show that the probability that the smaller odd number associated with the PPT triple is divisible by prime p is…

Some relations among Pythagorean triples are established. The main tool is a fundamental characterization of the Pythagorean triples through a chatetus which allows to determine relationships with Pythagorean triples having the same…

In this book, the authors introduce the notion of set codes, set bicodes and set n-codes. These are the most generalized notions of semigroup n-codes and group n-codes. Several types of set n-codes are defined. Several examples are given to…

It is well-known that pythagorean triples can be represented by points of the unit circle with rational coordinates. These points form an abelian group, and we describe its structure. This structural description yields, almost immediately,…

This paper is a guide for the pure mathematician who would like to know more about cryptography based on group theory. The paper gives a brief overview of the subject, and provides pointers to good textbooks, key research papers and recent…

There are four characteristic circles for each triangle on a plane. All for are tangential to the three straight lines containing the triangles' three sides. Three are exterior circles, the fourth is the in-circle. When the triangle is…

In this tutorial, selected topics of cryptology and of computational complexity theory are presented. We give a brief overview of the history and the foundations of classical cryptography, and then move on to modern public-key cryptography.…

The following article summarizes research where theorems and their respective demonstrations are postulated based on quadratic equations with special properties given by the Pythagorean triplets and the Fibonacci sequence given the second…

Cryptographic algorithms have been used not only to create robust ciphertexts but also to generate cryptograms that, contrary to the classic goal of cryptography, are meant to be broken. These cryptograms, generally called puzzles, require…

We present a classification of quantum public-key encryption protocols. There are six elements in quantum public-key encryption: plaintext, ciphertext, public-key, private-key, encryption algorithm and decryption algorithm. According to the…

Cryptographic Protocols (CP) are distributed algorithms intended for secure communication in an insecure environment. They are used, for example, in electronic payments, electronic voting procedures, systems of confidential data processing,…

In this paper two cryptographic methods are introduced. In the first method the presence of a certain size subgroup of persons can be checked for an action to take place. For this we use fragments of Raptor codes delivered to the group…

In this article, we study the class of PPT blocks. We introduce several inequalities, related to this class, with an emphasis on comparing the main diagonal and the off-diagonal components of a 2 by 2 PPT block.

This paper proposes a new class of random sequences called binary primes tableau (PT) sequences that have potential applications in cryptography and communications. The PT sequence of rank p is obtained from numbers arranged in a tableau…

A mathematical topology with matrix is a natural representation of a coding relational structure that is found in many fields of the world. Matrices are very important in computation of real applications, s ce matrices are easy saved in…

It is shown that Pythagorean triples can be used to generate matrices that have integer eigenvalues for all permutations of their coefficients, via simple formulas. For example, each and every permutation of the $2\times2$ matrix…

Cryptography is a theory of secret functions. Category theory is a general theory of functions. Cryptography has reached a stage where its structures often take several pages to define, and its formulas sometimes run from page to page.…