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We show that computing even very coarse approximations of critical points is intractable for simple classes of nonconvex functions. More concretely, we prove that if there exists a polynomial-time algorithm that takes as input a polynomial…
We discuss the best methods available for computing the gamma function $\Gamma(z)$ in arbitrary-precision arithmetic with rigorous error bounds. We address different cases: rational, algebraic, real or complex arguments; large or small…
In this short paper, I introduce an elementary method for exactly evaluating the definite integrals $\, \int_0^{\pi}{\ln{(\sin{\theta})}\,d\theta}$, $\int_0^{\pi/2}{\ln{(\sin{\theta})}\,d\theta}$,…
A single two-input gate suffices for all of Boolean logic in digital hardware. No comparable primitive has been known for continuous mathematics: computing elementary functions such as sin, cos, sqrt, and log has always required multiple…
In this paper, we present a fixed point method for high-precision computation of number $\pi$ based on the sine function. Let $P\in \mathbb{N}$. We define the function: \[ S\left(x\right) =x+\sum_{k=1}^{P}\left(\prod_{\ell=1}^{k-1}\frac…
We consider the global minimization of smooth functions based solely on function evaluations. Algorithms that achieve the optimal number of function evaluations for a given precision level typically rely on explicitly constructing an…
Given the importance of floating-point~(FP) performance in numerous domains, several new variants of FP and its alternatives have been proposed (e.g., Bfloat16, TensorFloat32, and Posits). These representations do not have correctly rounded…
This paper describes a practical methodology for computing the Hardy function Z(t), using just O(((t/epsilon)^(1/3))*(log(t))^(2+o(1)))) standard computational operations, to a tolerance of epsilon in the relative error. The methodology is…
We propose new algorithms for the computation of the first N terms of a vector (resp. a basis) of power series solutions of a linear system of differential equations at an ordinary point, using a number of arithmetic operations which is…
Understanding the singular value spectrum of a matrix $A \in \mathbb{R}^{n \times n}$ is a fundamental task in countless applications. In matrix multiplication time, it is possible to perform a full SVD and directly compute the singular…
A natural measure of smoothness of a Boolean function is its sensitivity (the largest number of Hamming neighbors of a point which differ from it in function value). The structure of smooth or equivalently low-sensitivity functions is still…
Positive semi-definite matrices commonly occur as normal matrices of least squares problems in statistics or as kernel matrices in machine learning and approximation theory. They are typically large and dense. Thus algorithms to solve…
Let us assume that $f$ is a continuous function defined on the unit ball of $\mathbb R^d$, of the form $f(x) = g (A x)$, where $A$ is a $k \times d$ matrix and $g$ is a function of $k$ variables for $k \ll d$. We are given a budget $m \in…
We describe some "unrestricted" algorithms which are useful for the computation of elementary and special functions when the precision required is not known in advance. Several general classes of algorithms are identified and illustrated by…
We design algorithms for computing values of many p-adic elementary and special functions, including logarithms, exponentials, polylogarithms, and hypergeometric functions. All our algorithms feature a quasi-linear complexity with respect…
We consider the complexity for computing the approximate sum $a_1+a_2+...+a_n$ of a sorted list of numbers $a_1\le a_2\le ...\le a_n$. We show an algorithm that computes an $(1+\epsilon)$-approximation for the sum of a sorted list of…
In various applications, computers are required to compute approximations to univariate elementary and special functions such as $\exp$ and $\arctan$ to modest accuracy. This paper proposes a new heuristic for automating the design of such…
We show that one can approximate the least fixed point solution for a multivariate system of monotone probabilistic polynomial equations in time polynomial in both the encoding size of the system of equations and in log(1/\epsilon), where…
The error function of real argument can be uniformly approximated to a given accuracy by a single closed-form expression for the whole variable range either in terms of addition, multiplication, division, and square root operations only, or…
Many modern solvers and program analyzers rely on non-monotone reasoning (e.g. negation-as-failure, speculative updates, backtracking) for which classical monotone fixed-point methods do not apply. The general problem of finding the fixed…