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We analyze and compare the characterization of a quantum device in terms of noise, transmitted bit-error-rate (BER) and mutual information, showing how the noise description is meaningful only for Gaussian channels. After reviewing the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 G. M. D'Ariano , C. Macchiavello , L. Maccone

We employ quantum state discrimination theory to establish the ultimate limit for spoofing detection in electromagnetic signals encoded with random quantum states. Our analysis yields an analytical expression for the optimal bound, which we…

Quantum interferometers offer phase measurement capabilities that surpass the standard quantum limit (SQL), with phase sensitivity and quantum enhancement factor serving as key performance metrics. However, practical implementations face…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-27 Jie Zhao , Zeliang Wu , Haoran Liu , Yueya Liu , Xin Chen , Xinyun Liang , Wenfeng Huang , Chun-Hua Yuan , L. Q. Chen

Microwave quantum information networks require reliable transmission of single photon propagating modes over lossy channels. In this article we propose a microwave noise-less linear amplifier (NLA) suitable to circumvent the losses incurred…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-11 Hany Khalifa , Riku Jäntti , Gheorghe Sorin Paraoanu

Quantum error mitigation, a data processing technique for recovering the statistics of target processes from their noisy version, is a crucial task for near-term quantum technologies. Most existing methods require prior knowledge of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-04 Manwen Liao , Yan Zhu , Giulio Chiribella , Yuxiang Yang

Amplifier is at the heart of almost all experiment carrying out the precise measurement of a weak signal. An idea amplifier should have large gain and minimum added noise simultaneously. Here, we consider the quantum measurement properties…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-02-14 Qiang Zheng , Kai Li , Yong Li

We give an alternative formulation of the no-cloning theorem that applies to harmonic oscillator coherent states. It says that {\em unknown} single harmonic oscillator coherent states can not be {\em amplified}. Conversely it says that {\em…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-05-26 N. D. Hari Dass

Assumption-free reconstruction of quantum states from measurements is essential for benchmarking and certifying quantum devices, but it remains difficult due to the extensive measurement statistics and experimental resources it demands. An…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-08 Adrian Skasberg Aasen , Martin Gärttner

Overcoming the influence of noise and imperfections is a major challenge in quantum computing. Here, we present an approach based on applying a desired unitary computation in superposition between the system of interest and some auxiliary…

Photon echo is a fundamental tool for the manipulation of electromagnetic fields. Unavoidable spontaneous emission noise is generated in this process due to the strong rephasing pulse, which limits the achievable signal-to-noise ratio and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-22 You-Zhi Ma , Ming Jin , Duo-Lun Chen , Zong-Quan Zhou , Chuan-Feng Li , Guang-Can Guo

Long-distance fiber communication stands as a cornerstone of modern technology. One of the underlying principles, preventing signal levels from diminishing below the detectability threshold, is optical amplification. In particular,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-15 Karol Łukanowski , Konrad Banaszek , Marcin Jarzyna

We examine the behavior of non-Gaussian states of light under the action of probabilistic noiseless amplification and attenuation. Surprisingly, we find that the mean field amplitude may decrease in the process of noiseless amplification --…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-09-24 C. N. Gagatsos , J. Fiurasek , A. Zavatta , M. Bellini , N. J. Cerf

By invoking the quantum theory of optical coherence, we theoretically show that the quantum noise in conventional optical heterodyne devices, which were previously identified as usual phase-insensitive amplifiers with additional quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-11-03 Dechao He , Boya Xie , Yu Xiao , Sheng Feng

Any amplifier requires coupling to its internal degrees of freedom for energy gain. This coupling introduces extra quantum noise to the output. On the other hand, if the internal degree of the amplifier can be accessed and manipulated, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-18 Jianmin Wang , Rong Zhu , Yue Li , Z. Y. Ou

Overcoming the influence of noise and imperfections in quantum devices is one of the main challenges for viable quantum applications. In this article, we present different protocols, which we denote as "superposed quantum error mitigation",…

Quantum state purification is the functionality that, given multiple copies of an unknown state, outputs a state with increased purity. This will be an essential building block for near- and middle-term quantum ecosystems before the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-14 Bo Yang , Elham Kashefi , Dominik Leichtle , Harold Ollivier

A modified four-state CVQKD protocol is proposed to increase the maximum transmission distance and tolerable excess noise in the presence of Gaussian lossy and noisy channel by using a noiseless linear amplifier (NLA). A NLA with amplitude…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-07-08 Bingjie Xu , Chunming Tang , Hui Chen , Wenzheng Zhang , Fuchen Zhu

Quantum noise is the fundamental limit of laser phase noise filter. We cannot realize the effective quantum-enhanced phase noise suppression through simply utilizing amplitude noise suppression scheme. Here, we present the first…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-02 Ruixin Li , Nanjing Jiao , Bingnan An , Yajun Wang , Shaoping Shi , Long Tian , Wei Li , Yaohui Zheng

We generalize the concept of optical state truncation and noiseless linear amplification to enable truncation of the Fock-state expansion of an optical state to higher order and to simultaneously amplify it using linear optics. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-04 Matthew S. Winnel , Nedasadat Hosseinidehaj , Timothy C. Ralph

Quantum noise constitutes a fundamental obstacle to realizing practical quantum technologies. To address the pivotal challenge of identifying quantum systems least affected by noise, we introduce the purest quantum state identification,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-24 Yingqi Yu , Honglin Chen , Jun Wu , Wei Xie , Xiangyang Li
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