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A foundational assumption of quantum error correction theory is that quantum gates can be scaled to large processors without exceeding the error-threshold for fault tolerance. Two major challenges that could become fundamental roadblocks…

We show that thresholds for fault-tolerant quantum computation are solely determined by the quality of single-system operations if one allows for d-dimensional systems with $8 \leq d \leq 32$. Each system serves to store one logical qubit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-08-16 W. Dür , H. -J. Briegel

Recent progress in quantum information has led to the start of several large national and industrial efforts to build a quantum computer. Researchers are now working to overcome many scientific and technological challenges. The program's…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-10-07 John M. Martinis

With the demonstrated ability to perform calculations in seconds that would take classical supercomputers thousands of years, quantum computers namely hold the promise of radically advancing sustainable IT. However, quantum computers face…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-18 Sylvain Cordier , Karl Thibault , Marie-Luc Arpin , Ben Amor

Quantum optimal control is a technique for controlling the evolution of a quantum system and has been applied to a wide range of problems in quantum physics. We study a binary quantum control optimization problem, where control decisions…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-15 Xinyu Fei , Lucas T. Brady , Jeffrey Larson , Sven Leyffer , Siqian Shen

Fault-tolerant quantum computing demands many qubits with long lifetimes to conduct accurate quantum gate operations. However, external noise limits the computing time of physical qubits. Quantum error correction codes may extend such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-03 Chungheon Baek , Tomohiro Ostuka , Seigo Tarucha , Byung-Soo Choi

Error rates in current noisy quantum hardware are not static; they vary over time and across qubits. This temporal and spatial variation challenges the effectiveness of fixed-distance quantum error correction (QEC) codes. In this paper, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-12 Subrata Das , Swaroop Ghosh

Constructing an efficient and robust quantum memory is central to the challenge of engineering feasible quantum computer architectures. Quantum error correction codes can solve this problem in theory, but without careful design it can…

Quantum error correction is an essential tool for reliably performing tasks for processing quantum information on a large scale. However, integration into quantum circuits to achieve these tasks is problematic when one realizes that…

The speed of quantum evolution is limited under finite energy resources. While most quantum speed limits (QSLs) are formulated in terms of quantum states, they can be extended to the evolution operator itself, and thus impose fundamental…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-28 Hunter Nelson , Edwin Barnes

We investigated the quantum speed limit time of a qubit system with non-Hermitian detuning. Our results show that, with respect to two distinguishable states of the non-Hermitian system, the evolutionary time does not have a nonzero lower…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-23 Yan-Yi Wang , Mao-Fa Fang

We establish that, in an appropriate limit, qubits of communication should be regarded as composite resources, decomposing cleanly into independent correlation and transmission components. Because qubits of communication can establish ebits…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-12 Patrick Hayden , Geoffrey Penington

Proposals for quantum computing devices are many and varied. They each have unique noise processes that make none of them fully reliable at this time. There are several error correction/avoidance techniques which are valuable for reducing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 Mark S. Byrd , Daniel A. Lidar

Quantum error correction (QEC) is essential for quantum computers to perform useful algorithms, but large-scale fault-tolerant computation remains out of reach due to demanding requirements on operation fidelity and the number of…

Quantum control is an essential tool for the operation of quantum technologies such as quantum computers, simulators, and sensors. Although there are sophisticated theoretical tools for developing quantum control protocols, formulating…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-04-02 Hanhan Li , Alireza Shabani , Mohan Sarovar , Birgitta K. Whaley

Bounds of the minimum evolution time between two distinguishable states of a system can help to assess the maximal speed of quantum computers and communication channels. We study the quantum speed limit time of a composite quantum states in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-09-16 Ying-Jie Zhang , Wei Han , Yun-Jie Xia , Ke-Xia Jiang , Jun-Peng Cao , Heng Fan

Analog quantum simulation is emerging as a powerful tool for uncovering classically unreachable physics such as many-body real-time dynamics. A complete quantification of uncertainties is necessary in order to make precise predictions using…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-16 Nikita A. Zemlevskiy , Henry F. Froland , Stephan Caspar

The quantum computing devices of today have tens to hundreds of qubits that are highly susceptible to noise due to unwanted interactions with their environment. The theory of quantum error correction provides a scheme by which the effects…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-02 Akshaya Jayashankar , Prabha Mandayam

In this paper, we derive sharp lower bounds, also known as quantum speed limits, for the time it takes to transform a quantum system into a state such that an observable assumes its lowest average value. We assume that the system is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-02 Dan Allan , Niklas Hörnedal , Ole Andersson

We can encode a qubit in the energy levels of a quantum system. Relaxation and other dissipation processes lead to decay of the fidelity of this stored information. Is it possible to preserve the quantum information for a longer time by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-06 Zhaoyou Wang , Taha Rajabzadeh , Nathan Lee , Amir H. Safavi-Naeini