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In this report we study the problem of minimising deterministic automata over finite and infinite words. Deterministic finite automata are the simplest devices to recognise regular languages, and deterministic Buchi, Co-Buchi, and parity…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2011-03-15 Sven Schewe

We present a report from a series of experiments involving computation of the shortest reset words for automata with small number of states. We confirm that the \v{C}ern\'{y} conjecture is true for all automata with at most 11 states on 2…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2013-01-11 Jakub Kowalski , Marek Szykuła

Regular expressions with backreferences (regex, for short), as supported by most modern libraries for regular expression matching, have an NP-complete matching problem. We define a complexity parameter of regex, called active variable…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Markus L. Schmid

The purpose of this article is to examine and limit the conditions in which the P complexity class could be equivalent to the NP complexity class. Proof is provided by demonstrating that as the number of clauses in a NP-complete problem…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2008-09-07 Jerrald Meek

In automata theory, while determinisation provides a standard route to solving many common problems in automata theory, some weak forms of nondeterminism can be dealt with in some problems without costly determinisation. For example, the…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Thomas A. Henzinger , Keya Prakash , K. S. Thejaswini

For a finite state automaton, a synchronizing sequence is an input sequence that takes all the states to the same state. Checking the existence of a synchronizing sequence and finding a synchronizing sequence, if one exists, can be…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-12-24 Canan Güniçen , Esra Erdem , Hüsnü Yenigün

Finite automata whose computations can be reversed, at any point, by knowing the last k symbols read from the input, for a fixed k, are considered. These devices and their accepted languages are called k-reversible automata and k-reversible…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2017-08-23 Giovanna J. Lavado , Giovanni Pighizzini , Luca Prigioniero

The present paper presents and proves a proposition concerning the time complexity of finite languages. It is shown herein, that for any finite language (a language for which the set of words composing it is finite) there is a Turing…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Mircea Alexandru Popescu Moscu

Finite valued constraint satisfaction problems are a formalism for describing many natural optimization problems, where constraints on the values that variables can take come with rational weights and the aim is to find an assignment of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-04-15 Anuj Dawar , Pengming Wang

We exhibit the construction of a deterministic automaton that, given k > 0, recognizes the (regular) language of k-differentiable words. Our approach follows a scheme of Crochemore et al. based on minimal forbidden words. We extend this…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2015-03-18 Jean-Marc Fédou , Gabriele Fici

As robots are being integrated into our daily lives, it becomes necessary to provide guarantees on the safe and provably correct operation. Such guarantees can be provided using automata theoretic task and mission planning where the…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2014-11-27 Kangjin Kim , Georgios E. Fainekos , Sriram Sankaranarayanan

It is well known that computing a minimum DFA consistent with a given set of positive and negative examples is NP-hard. Previous work has identified conditions on the input sample under which the problem becomes tractable or remains hard.…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Radu Cosmin Dumitru , Ryo Yoshinaka , Ayumi Shinohara

We have improved an algorithm generating synchronizing automata with a large length of the shortest reset words. This has been done by refining some known results concerning bounds on the reset length. Our improvements make possible to…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2016-07-15 Andrzej Kisielewicz , Jakub Kowalski , Marek Szykuła

We introduce the class of P-finite automata. These are a generalisation of weighted automata, in which the weights of transitions can depend polynomially on the length of the input word. P-finite automata can also be viewed as simple…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Alex Buna-Marginean , Vincent Cheval , Mahsa Shirmohammadi , James Worrell

We consider decision problems for relations over finite and infinite words defined by finite automata. We prove that the equivalence problem for binary deterministic rational relations over infinite words is undecidable in contrast to the…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Christof Löding , Christopher Spinrath

We investigate the worst-case state complexity of reversals of deterministic finite automata with output (DFAOs). In these automata, each state is assigned some output value, rather than simply being labelled final or non-final. This…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2017-10-19 Sylvie Davies

The article surveys some decidability results for DPDAs on infinite words (omega-DPDA). We summarize some recent results on the decidability of the regularity and the equivalence problem for the class of weak omega-DPDAs. Furthermore, we…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2014-05-23 Christof Löding

We consider some questions about formal languages that arise when inverses of letters, words and languages are defined. The reduced representation of a language over the free monoid is its unique equivalent representation in the free group.…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2009-10-26 Thomas Ang , Giovanni Pighizzini , Narad Rampersad , Jeffrey Shallit

We present a few classes of synchronizing automata exhibiting certain extremal properties with regard to synchronization. The first is a series of automata with subsets whose shortest extending words are of length $\varTheta(n^2)$, where…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2016-08-04 Andrzej Kisielewicz , Marek Szykuła

Reversible forms of computations are often interesting from an energy efficiency point of view. When the computation device in question is an automaton, it is known that the minimal reversible automaton recognizing a given language is not…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2017-08-23 Kitti Gelle , Szabolcs Iván