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The It\^o formula, also known as the change-of-variables formula, is a cornerstone of It\^o stochastic calculus. Over time, this formula has been extended to apply to random processes for which classical calculus is insufficient. Since…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-09-30 Nannan Li , Xing Gao

Path dependence is omnipresent in many disciplines such as engineering, system theory and finance. It reflects the influence of the past on the future, often expressed through functionals. However, non-Markovian problems are often…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2023-03-03 Bruno Dupire , Valentin Tissot-Daguette

We prove change of variables formulas [It\^o formulas] for functions of both arithmetic and geometric averages of geometric fractional Brownian motion. They are valid for all convex functions, not only for smooth ones. These change of…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-09-02 Heikki Tikanmäki

The asymptotic behavior, as $T\to\infty$, of some functionals of the form $I_T(t)=F_T(\xi_T(t))+\int_0^tg_T(\xi_T(s))\,dW_T(s)$, $t\ge0$ is studied. Here $\xi_T(t)$ is the solution to the time-inhomogeneous It\^{o} stochastic differential…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-11-06 Grigorij Kulinich , Svitlana Kushnirenko

We present a new approach to noncommutative stochastic calculus that is, like the classical theory, based primarily on the martingale property. Using this approach, we introduce a general theory of stochastic integration and quadratic…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2025-10-28 David A. Jekel , Todd A. Kemp , Evangelos A. Nikitopoulos

In a recent paper, the author introduced a rich class $NC^k(\mathbb{R})$ of "noncommutative $C^k$" functions $\mathbb{R} \to \mathbb{C}$ whose operator functional calculus is $k$-times differentiable and has derivatives expressible in terms…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2023-12-27 Evangelos A. Nikitopoulos

We introduce a Skorokhod type integral and prove an Ito formula for a wide class of Gaussian processes which may exhibit stochastic discontinuities. Our Ito formula unifies and extends the classical one for general (i.e., possibly…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-05-28 Christian Bender

A comparison principle for stochastic integro-differential equations driven by Levy processes is proved. This result is obtained via an extension of an Ito formula from [11] for the square of the norm of the positive part of $L_2-$valued,…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-09-09 Konstantinos Dareiotis , Istvan Gyongy

In this paper, we establish a universal variational characterization of the non-martingale components associated with weakly differentiable Wiener functionals in the sense of Le\~ao, Ohashi and Simas. It is shown that any Dirichlet process…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-07-02 Dorival Leão , Alberto Ohashi , Alexandre B. Simas

We show that a substantial portion of stochastic calculus can be developed along similar lines to ordinary calculus, with derivative-based concepts driving the development. We define a notion of stopping derivative, which is a form of right…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-02-06 Alex Simpson

This paper presents a systematic study of the calculus of interval-valued functions and its application to interval differential equations. To this end, first, we introduce new interval arithmetic operations. Under new operations, the space…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2025-12-01 Wei Liu , Muhammad Aamir Ali , Yanrong An

We construct a pathwise integration theory, associated with a change of variable formula, for smooth functionals of continuous paths with arbitrary regularity defined in terms of the notion of $p$-th variation along a sequence of time…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-05-07 Rama Cont , Nicolas Perkowski

We give an infinitesimal meaning to the symbol $dX_t$ for a continuous semimartingale $X$ at an instant in time $t$. We define a vector space structure on the space of differentials at time $t$ and deduce key properties consistent with the…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-06-30 John Armstrong , Andrei Ionescu

We refine stochastic calculus for symmetric Markov processes without using time reverse operators. Under some conditions on the jump functions of locally square integrable martingale additive functionals, we extend Nakao's divergence-like…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-11-09 Kazuhiro Kuwae

The concept of the $p^{\text{th}}$ variation of a continuous function $f$ along a refining sequence of partitions is the key to a pathwise It\^o integration theory with integrator $f$. Here, we analyze the $p^{\text{th}}$ variation of a…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-04-29 Alexander Schied , Zhenyuan Zhang

We prove the Ito-Tanaka formula and the existence of pathwise stochastic integrals for a wide class of Gaussian processes. Motivated by financial applications, we define the stochastic integrals as forward-type pathwise integrals introduced…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-12-05 Tommi Sottinen , Lauri Viitasaari

We develop a stochastic calculus that makes it easy to capture a variety of predictable transformations of semimartingales such as changes of variables, stochastic integrals, and their compositions. The framework offers a unified treatment…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-01-13 Aleš Černý , Johannes Ruf

Although being powerful, the differential transform method yet suffers from a drawback which is how to compute the differential transform of nonlinear non-autonomous functions that can limit its applicability. In order to overcome this…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2016-12-28 Essam. R. El-Zahar , Abdelhalim Ebaid

In this paper, we study integral functionals defined on spaces of functions with values on general (non-separable) Banach spaces. We introduce a new class of integrands and multifunctions for which we obtain measurable selection results.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-08-10 Juan Guillermo Garrido , Pedro Pérez-Aros , Emilio Vilches

We provide an It\^o's formula for $C^1$-functionals of flows of conditional marginal distributions of continuous semimartingales. This is based on the notion of weak Dirichlet process, and extends the $C^1$-It\^o's formula in Gozzi and…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-04-30 Bruno Bouchard , Xiaolu Tan , Jixin Wang