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Understanding the sources that contribute to fine particulate matter (PM$_{2.5}$) is of crucial importance for designing and implementing targeted air pollution mitigation strategies. Determining what factors contribute to a pollutant's…

Applications · Statistics 2025-11-03 Michela Frigeri , Veronica Berrocal , Alessandra Guglielmi

Spatially misaligned data can be fused by using a Bayesian melding model that assumes that underlying all observations there is a spatially continuous Gaussian random field process. This model can be used, for example, to predict air…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-06-06 Ruiman Zhong , André Victor Ribeiro Amaral , Paula Moraga

The last two decades have seen intense scientific and regulatory interest in the health effects of particulate matter (PM). Influential epidemiological studies that characterize chronic exposure of individuals rely on monitoring data that…

Applications · Statistics 2009-06-09 Christopher J. Paciorek , Jeff D. Yanosky , Robin C. Puett , Francine Laden , Helen H. Suh

Air pollution is the world's largest environmental risk factor for human disease and premature death, resulting in more than 6 million permature deaths in 2019. Currently, there is still a challenge to model one of the most important air…

Ambient air pollution poses significant health and environmental challenges. Exposure to high concentrations of PM$_{2.5}$ have been linked to increased respiratory and cardiovascular hospital admissions, more emergency department visits…

Applications · Statistics 2026-02-27 Zeinab Mohamed , Wenlong Gong

Air pollution, especially the particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5), has become a growing concern in recent years, primarily in urban areas. Being exposed to air pollution is linked to developing numerous health problems, like the aggravation of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Dragoş-Andrei Şerban , Răzvan-Alexandru Smădu , Dumitru-Clementin Cercel

Satellite data of atmospheric pollutants are often available only at coarse spatial resolution, limiting their applicability in local-scale environmental analysis and decision-making. Spatial downscaling methods aim to transform the coarse…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Mika Sipilä , Sabrina Maggio , Sandra De Iaco , Klaus Nordhausen , Monica Palma , Sara Taskinen

Data fusion models are widely used in air quality monitoring to integrate in situ and large-scale gridded products, offering spatially complete and temporally detailed estimates. However, traditional Gaussian-based models often…

Applications · Statistics 2026-05-18 M. Daniela Cuba , Craig Wilkie , Marian Scott , Daniela Castro-Camilo

One way to quantify exposure to air pollution and its constituents in epidemiologic studies is to use an individual's nearest monitor. This strategy results in potential inaccuracy in the actual personal exposure, introducing bias in…

Ambient air pollution measurements from regulatory monitoring networks are routinely used to support epidemiologic studies and environmental policy decision making. However, regulatory monitors are spatially sparse and preferentially…

Applications · Statistics 2026-03-02 Wenlong Gong , Brian J. Reich , Joseph Guinness

Indoor air quality (IAQ) forecasting plays a critical role in safeguarding occupant health, ensuring thermal comfort, and supporting intelligent building control. However, predicting future concentrations of key pollutants such as carbon…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Harshala Gammulle , Lidia Morawska , Sridha Sridharan , Clinton Fookes

A typical problem in air pollution epidemiology is exposure assessment for individuals for which health data are available. Due to the sparsity of monitoring sites and the limited temporal frequency with which measurements of air pollutants…

In health-pollution cohort studies, accurate predictions of pollutant concentrations at new locations are needed, since the locations of fixed monitoring sites and study participants are often spatially misaligned. For multi-pollution data,…

Applications · Statistics 2022-01-24 Phuong T. Vu , Adam A. Szpiro , Noah Simon

Air pollution has become a major issue and caused widespread environmental and health problems. Aerosols or particulate matters are an important component of the atmosphere and can transport under complex meteorological conditions. Based on…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2018-08-15 Yongwen Zhang , Dean Chen , Jingfang Fan , Shlomo Havlin , Xiaosong Chen

The ability to forecast the concentration of air pollutants in an urban region is crucial for decision-makers wishing to reduce the impact of pollution on public health through active measures (e.g. temporary traffic closures). In this…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2021-07-08 Dario Marvin , Lorenzo Nespoli , Davide Strepparava , Vasco Medici

Accurate air quality forecasting is crucial for public health, environmental monitoring and protection, and urban planning. However, existing methods fail to effectively utilize multi-scale information, both spatially and temporally.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-02 Yuxiao Hu , Qian Li , Xiaodan Shi , Jinyue Yan , Yuntian Chen

This paper proposes a two-stage estimation approach for a spatial misalignment scenario that is motivated by the epidemiological problem of linking pollutant exposures and health outcomes. We use the integrated nested Laplace approximation…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-07-21 Stephen Jun Villejo , Janine B Illian , Ben Swallow

We consider the situation where multivariate functional data has been collected over time at each of a set of sites. Our illustrative setting is bivariate, monitoring ozone and PM$_{10}$ levels as a function of time over the course of a…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-01-06 Philip A. White , Alan E. Gelfand

Spatio-temporal prediction of levels of an environmental exposure is an important problem in environmental epidemiology. Our work is motivated by multiple studies on the spatio-temporal distribution of mobile source, or traffic related,…

Applications · Statistics 2014-11-14 Nikolay Bliznyuk , Christopher J. Paciorek , Joel Schwartz , Brent Coull

Air pollution is a great concern because of its impact on human health and on the environment. Statistical models play an important role in improving knowledge of this complex spatio-temporal phenomenon and in supporting public agencies and…

Applications · Statistics 2015-03-17 Michela Cameletti , Rosaria Ignaccolo , Stefano Bande