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The degree sequence $(n_{i,j}(k), 1\leq i,j\leq d, k\geq 0)$ of a multitype forest with $d$ types encodes the number of individuals of type $i$ with $k$ children of type $j$. In this paper, we introduce a simple algorithm to sample a…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-05-05 Osvaldo Angtuncio Hernández

We analyse the pseudofinite monadic second order theory of words over a fixed finite alphabet. In particular we present an axiomatisation of this theory, working in a one-sorted first order framework. The analysis hinges on the fact that…

Logic · Mathematics 2022-03-14 Deacon Linkhorn

We show that the first order theory of the homeomorphism group of a compact manifold interprets the full second order theory of countable groups of homeomorphisms of the manifold. The interpretation is uniform across manifolds of bounded…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-11 Thomas Koberda , J. de la Nuez González

First-order model counting (FOMC) is a computational problem that asks to count the models of a sentence in finite-domain first-order logic. In this paper, we argue that the capabilities of FOMC algorithms to date are limited by their…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Paulius Dilkas , Vaishak Belle

Two-dimensional conformal field theory (CFT) can be defined through its correlation functions. These must satisfy certain consistency conditions which arise from the cutting of world sheets along circles or intervals. The construction of a…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2008-11-26 Ingo Runkel , Jens Fjelstad , Jurgen Fuchs , Christoph Schweigert

We introduce a sequent calculus with a simple restriction of Lambek's product rules that precisely captures the classical Tamari order, i.e., the partial order on fully-bracketed words (equivalently, binary trees) induced by a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-01-12 Noam Zeilberger

This paper studies the logical properties of a very general class of infinite ranked trees, namely those generated by higher-order recursion schemes. We consider, for both monadic second-order logic and modal mu-calculus, three main…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-03-03 Christopher H. Broadbent , Arnaud Carayol , C. -H. Luke Ong , Olivier Serre

We study the enumeration problem for different kind of tree parking functions introduced recently, called tree parking functions, tree parking distributions, prime tree parking functions, and prime tree parking distributions, for rooted…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-07-30 Alois Panholzer

We prove a new formula for the generating function of multitype Cayley trees counted according to their degree distribution. Using this formula we recover and extend several enumerative results about trees. In particular, we extend some…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-04-08 Olivier Bernardi , Alejandro H. Morales

Following Laczkovich we consider the partially ordered set $\iB_1(\RR)$ of Baire class 1 functions endowed with the pointwise order, and investigate the order types of the linearly ordered subsets. Answering a question of Komj\'ath and…

Logic · Mathematics 2011-09-29 Márton Elekes , Juris Steprāns

Let $A$ be a commutative $k$-algebra over a field of $k$ and $\Xi$ a linear operator defined on $A$. We define a family of $A$-valued invariants $\Psi$ for finite rooted forests by a recurrent algorithm using the operator $\Xi$ and show…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-02-02 Wenhua Zhao

We introduce a monoid structure on the set of binary search trees, by a process very similar to the construction of the plactic monoid, the Robinson-Schensted insertion being replaced by the binary search tree insertion. This leads to a new…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-02-12 F. Hivert , J. -C. Novelli , J. -Y. Thibon

We propose a novel approach for studying rooted trees by using functions that we will call descent functions. We provide a construction method for rooted trees that allows to study their properties through the use of descent functions.…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-09-23 Marco Abrate , Stefano Barbero , Umberto Cerruti , Nadir Murru

The problem of how to estimate diffusion on a graph effectively is of importance both theoretically and practically. In this paper, we make use of two widely studied indices, geodesic distance and mean first-passage time ($MFPT$) for random…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-10-17 Fei Ma , Xiaomin Wang , Ping Wang

Let $S$ be a submonoid of a free Abelian group of finite rank. We show that if $k$ is a field of prime characteristic such that the monoid $k$-algebra $k[S]$ is split $F$-regular, then $k[S]$ is a finitely generated $k$-algebra, or…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2025-03-31 Rankeya Datta , Karl Schwede , Kevin Tucker

Full binary trees naturally represent commutative non-associative products. There are many important examples of these products: finite-precision floating-point addition and NAND gates, among others. Balance in such a tree is highly…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2021-08-27 Laura Monroe

Regular tree grammars and regular path expressions constitute core constructs widely used in programming languages and type systems. Nevertheless, there has been little research so far on frameworks for reasoning about path expressions…

Databases · Computer Science 2010-08-31 Everardo Barcenas , Pierre Geneves , Nabil Layaida , Alan Schmitt

This paper finally fully elaborates the tree pulldown method used by one of us (Harrington) to settle McLaughlin's conjecture. This method enables the construction of a computable tree $T_0$ whose paths are incomparable over $0^{(\alpha)}$…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-04-22 Leo A. Harrington , Peter M. Gerdes

Trees are useful entities allowing to model data structures and hierarchical relationships in networked decision systems ubiquitously. An ordered tree is a rooted tree where the order of the subtrees (children) of a node is significant. In…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Victor Parque , Tomoyuki Miyashita

We introduce Broad Infinity, a new set-theoretic axiom scheme based on the slogan "Every time we construct a new element, we gain a new arity." It says that three-dimensional trees whose growth is controlled by a specified class function…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-03-25 Paul Blain Levy