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We analyze three sets of income data: the US Panel Study of Income Dynamics PSID), the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS), and the German Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP). It is shown that the empirical income distribution is consistent with…
Inhomogeneous temporal processes, like those appearing in human communications, neuron spike trains, and seismic signals, consist of high-activity bursty intervals alternating with long low-activity periods. In recent studies such bursty…
The intricate interaction between the deformability of a substrate and the dynamic spreading of a liquid drop on the same, under the application of an electrical voltage, has remained far from being well understood. Here, we demonstrate…
In this paper we quantitatively investigate the statistical properties of an ensemble of {\it stock prices}. We selected 1200 stocks traded in the Tokyo Stock Exchange and formed a statistical ensemble of daily stock prices for each trading…
The Lognormal distribution is a fundamental statistical model widely used in different fields of science, including biology, finance, economics, engineering, etc. In wireless communications, it is the primary statistic for large-scale…
Citation distributions are crucial for the analysis and modeling of the activity of scientists. We investigated bibliometric data of papers published in journals of the American Physical Society, searching for the type of function which…
Distinguishing power-law distributions from other heavy-tailed distributions is challenging, and this task is often further complicated by subsampling effects. In this work, we evaluate the performance of two commonly used methods for…
We study the susceptible-infected model with power-law waiting time distributions $P(\tau)\sim \tau^{-\alpha}$, as a model of spreading dynamics under heterogeneous human activity patterns. We found that the average number of new infections…
Many time series produced by complex systems are empirically found to follow power-law distributions with different exponents $\alpha$. By permuting the independently drawn samples from a power-law distribution, we present non-trivial…
We analyze the distribution of income and income tax of individuals in Japan for the fiscal year 1998. From the rank-size plots we find that the accumulated probability distribution of both data obey a power law with a Pareto exponent very…
We characterize the statistical properties of a large number of agents on two major online auction sites. The measurements indicate that the total number of bids placed in a single category and the number of distinct auctions frequented by…
This paper presents a comprehensive statistical review of data obtained from a wide range of literature on the most widely used electrical appliances in the UK residential load sector. It focuses on individual appliances and begins by…
The use of objective prior in Bayesian applications has become a common practice to analyze data without subjective information. Formal rules usually obtain these priors distributions, and the data provide the dominant information in the…
As complex networks in economics, we consider Japanese shareholding networks as they existed in 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2002, and 2003. In this study, we use as data lists of shareholders for companies listed on the stock market or on the…
The emergence of distributed energy resources has led to new challenges in the operation and planning of power networks. Of particular significance is the introduction of a new layer of complexity that manifests in the form of new…
Patterns of deliberate human activity and behavior are of utmost importance in areas as diverse as disease spread, resource allocation, and emergency response. Because of its widespread availability and use, e-mail correspondence provides…
There has been some confusion concerning the animal group-size: an exponential distribution was deduced by maximizing the entropy; lognormal distributions were practically used; a power-law decay with exponent {3/2} was proposed in physical…
Financial markets can be seen as complex systems in non-equilibrium steady state, one of whose most important properties is the distribution of price fluctuations. Recently, there have been assertions that this distribution is qualitatively…
In this second part of our survey on the social and natural distributions, we investigate some models, which intend to explain the statistical regularity of the natural and social distributions. There is a large variety of models and in…
We introduce a non-growth model that generates the power-law distribution with the Zipf exponent. There are N elements, each of which is characterized by a quantity, and at each time step these quantities are redistributed through binary…