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The Subgraph Isomorphism problem is of considerable importance in computer science. We examine the problem when the pattern graph H is of bounded treewidth, as occurs in a variety of applications. This problem has a well-known algorithm via…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-05-12 Karl Bringmann , Jasper Slusallek

We compute the continuous bounded cohomology of the full automorphism groups of regular trees in all positive degrees, with coefficients arising from any irreducible continuous unitary representations. To the author's knowledge, this seems…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-08 Cunyuan Zhao

The Graph Isomorphism problem restricted to graphs of bounded treewidth or bounded tree distance width are known to be solvable in polynomial time [Bod90],[YBFT99]. We give restricted space algorithms for these problems proving the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2010-02-03 Bireswar Das , Jacobo Toran , Fabian Wagner

Graph canonization is the problem of computing a unique representative, a canon, from the isomorphism class of a given graph. This implies that two graphs are isomorphic exactly if their canons are equal. We show that graphs of bounded tree…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-06-26 Michael Elberfeld , Pascal Schweitzer

Bruyere and Carton lifted the notion of finite automata reading infinite words to finite automata reading words with shape an arbitrary linear order L. Automata on finite words can be used to represent infinite structures, the so-called…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2018-11-02 Alexander Kartzow , Philipp Schlicht

The graph isomorphism problem is theoretically interesting and also has many practical applications. The best known classical algorithms for graph isomorphism all run in time super-polynomial in the size of the graph in the worst case. An…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-04-26 David Rosenbaum

We consider injective first-order interpretations that input and output trees of bounded height. The corresponding functions have polynomial output size, since a first-order interpretation can use a k-tuple of input nodes to represent a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Mikołaj Bojańczyk , Bartek Klin

While obtaining optimal algorithms for the most important problems in the LOCAL model has been one of the central goals in the area of distributed algorithms since its infancy, tight complexity bounds are elusive for many problems even when…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Sebastian Brandt , Ananth Narayanan

In this work, we present an $\Omega\left(\min\{\log \Delta, \sqrt{\log n}\}\right)$ lower bound for Maximal Matching (MM) in $\Delta$-ary trees against randomized algorithms. By a folklore reduction, the same lower bound applies to Maximal…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Seri Khoury , Aaron Schild

A \emph{binary tanglegram} is a drawing of a pair of rooted binary trees whose leaf sets are in one-to-one correspondence; matching leaves are connected by inter-tree edges. For applications, for example, in phylogenetics, it is essential…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2010-09-17 Kevin Buchin , Maike Buchin , Jaroslaw Byrka , Martin Nöllenburg , Yoshio Okamoto , Rodrigo I. Silveira , Alexander Wolff

We give an algorithm to enumerate the results on trees of monadic second-order (MSO) queries represented by nondeterministic tree automata. After linear time preprocessing (in the input tree), we can enumerate answers with linear delay (in…

Databases · Computer Science 2019-08-28 Antoine Amarilli , Pierre Bourhis , Stefan Mengel , Matthias Niewerth

We show that the isomorphism problem is solvable in the class of central extensions of word-hyperbolic groups, and that the isomorphism problem for biautomatic groups reduces to that for biautomatic groups with finite centre. We describe an…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2015-05-27 Martin R. Bridson , Lawrence Reeves

Let $\Gamma^{(x_0)}$ be a finite rooted tree, for which $\Gamma$ is the underlying tree and $x_0$ the root. Let $T$ be the Terwilliger algebra of $\Gamma$ with respect to $x_0$. We study the structure of the principal $T$-module. As a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-10-23 Shuang-Dong Li , Yi-Zheng Fan , Tatsuro Ito , Masoud Karimi , Jing Xu

We obtain sharp lower and upper bounds for the number of maximal (under inclusion) independent sets in trees with fixed number of vertices and diameter. All extremal trees are described up to isomorphism.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-12-31 Alexander Dainiak

For a fixed digraph $\mathbb H$, the $\mathbb H$-coloring problem is the problem of deciding whether a given input digraph $\mathbb G$ admits a homomorphism to $\mathbb H$. The CSP dichotomy conjecture of Feder and Vardi is equivalent to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-10-03 Jakub Bulín

We study the homology of an explicit finite-index subgroup of the automorphism group of a partially commutative group, in the case when its defining graph is a tree. More concretely, we give a lower bound on the first Betti number of this…

Automata for unordered unranked trees are relevant for defining schemas and queries for data trees in Json or Xml format. While the existing notions are well-investigated concerning expressiveness, they all lack a proper notion of…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2014-08-27 Adrien Boiret , Vincent Hugot , Joachim Niehren , Ralf Treinen

We consider the homeomorphic classification of finite-dimensional continua as well as several related equivalence relations. We show that, when $n \geq 2$, the classification problem of $n$-dimensional continua is strictly more complex than…

Logic · Mathematics 2019-04-23 Cheng Chang , Su Gao

We give exact values and bounds on the isoperimetric peak of complete trees, improving on known results. For the complete $q$-ary tree of depth $d$, if $q\ge 5$, then we find that the isoperimetric peak equals $d$, completing an open…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-11 Anthony Bonato , Lazar Mandic , Trent G. Marbach , Matthew Ritchie

We prove a tropical analogue of the theorem of Hurwitz: a leafless metric graph of genus $g \ge 2$ has at most $12$ automorphisms when $g = 2$; $2^g g!$ automorphisms when $g \ge 3$. These inequalities are optimal; for each genus, we give…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-10-13 Yusuke Nakamura , JuAe Song