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Related papers: Complex Molecule Formation in Grain Mantles

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Hot molecular cores (HMCs) are intermediate stages of high-mass star formation and are also known for their rich emission line spectra at (sub-)mm wavebands. The observed spectral feature of HMCs such as total number of emission lines and…

Notwithstanding manufacture of complex organic molecules from impacting cometary and icy planet surface analogues is well-established, dust grain-grain collisions driven by turbulence in interstellar or circumstellar regions may represent a…

In the interstellar medium (ISM), the formation of complex organic molecules (COMs) is largely facilitated by surface reactions. However, in cold dark clouds, thermal desorption of COMs is inefficient because of the lack of thermal energy…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-09-07 Alec Paulive , Joshua T. Carder , Eric Herbst

Context. The abundances of many observed compounds in interstellar molecular clouds still lack an explanation, despite extensive research that includes both gas and solid (dust-grain surface) phase reactions. Aims. We aim to qualitatively…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2012-07-12 Juris Kalvans , Ivar Shmeld

We present a systematic coarse-graining (CG) strategy for many particle molecular systems based on cluster expansion techniques. We construct a hierarchy of coarse-grained Hamiltonians with interaction potentials consisting of two, three…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2017-10-11 Anastasios Tsourtis , Vagelis Harmandaris , Dimitrios Tsagkarogiannis

We have studied four complex organic molecules (COMs), methyl formate ($CH_3OCHO$), dimethyl ether ($CH_3OCH_3$), formamide ($NH_2CHO$), and ethyl cyanide ($C_2H_5CN$), towards a large sample of 39 high-mass star-forming regions…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-09-09 A. Coletta , F. Fontani , V. M. Rivilla , C. Mininni , L. Colzi , Á. Sánchez-Monge , M. T. Beltrán

In the interstellar clouds, molecular hydrogens are formed from atomic hydrogen on grain surfaces. An atomic hydrogen hops around till it finds another one with which it combines. This necessarily implies that the average recombination…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Sandip Kumar Chakrabarti , Ankan Das , Kinsuk Acharyya , Sonali Chakrabarti

During the process of star formation, the dense gas undergoes significant chemical evolution leading to the emergence of a rich variety of molecules associated with hot cores and hot corinos. However, the physical and chemical conditions…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-06-19 Laure Bouscasse , Timea Csengeri , Friedrich Wyrowski , K. M. Menten , S. Bontemps

We present an extended version of the 2-phase gas-grain code NAUTILUS to the 3-phase modelling of gas and grain chemistry of cold cores. In this model, both the mantle and the surface are considered as chemically active. We also take into…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-04-19 Maxime Ruaud , Valentine Wakelam , Franck Hersant

Experimental results on the formation of molecular hydrogen on amorphous silicate surfaces are presented for the first time and analyzed using a rate equation model. The energy barriers for the relevant diffusion and desorption processes…

We coarse-grain a model of closely-packed ellipses that can vary their aspect ratio to derive continuum equations for materials comprising confluent deformable particles such as epithelial cell layers. We show that contractile nearest…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-01-14 Mehrana R. Nejad , Julia M Yeomans

Understanding grain-surface processes is crucial to interpreting the chemistry of the ISM. However, accurate surface chemistry models are computationally expensive and are difficult to integrate with gas-phase simulations. A new…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 R. T. Garrod

Motivated by recent observations of deuterated molecules in the interstellar medium, we examine the production of HD and D$_2$ molecules on dust grain surfaces. A mechanism for the enhanced production of these deuterated molecules is…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Azi Lipshtat , Ofer Biham , Eric Herbst

Cold cores are an early step of star formation, characterized by densities > 10$^4$ cm$^{-3}$, low temperatures (< 15 K), and very low external UV radiation. We investigate the physico-chemical processes at play to tracing the origin of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-01-04 A. Taillard , V. WakelaM , P. Gratier , E. Dartois , M. Chabot , J. A. Noble , J. V. Keane , A. C. A. Boogert , D. Harsono

Recent laboratory experiments on interstellar dust analogues have shown that H_2 formation on dust grain surfaces is efficient in a range of grain temperatures below 20 K. These results indicate that surface processes may account for the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Hagai B. Perets , Ofer Biham

We have used the master equation approach to study a moderately complex network of diffusive reactions occurring on the surfaces of interstellar dust particles. This network is meant to apply to dense clouds in which a large portion of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 T. Stantcheva , V. I. Shematovich , E. Herbst

Complex organic molecules, such as propylene (CH3CHCH2), are detected in molecular clouds (such as TMC1) with high fractional abundances (~2.10^{-9}, relative to hydrogen) that cannot be explained by gas-phase chemical reactions under…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-16 J. M. C. Rawlings , D. A. Williams , S. Viti , C. Cecchi-Pestellini

In order to investigate the physical and chemical properties of massive star forming cores in early stages, we analyse the excitation and abundance of four organic species, CH3OH, CH3OCH3, HCOOCH3 and CH3CH2CN, toward 29 Extended Green…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 Jixing Ge , Jinhua He , Xi Chen , S. Takahashi

Methanol and its precursor formaldehyde are among the most studied organic molecules in the interstellar medium and are abundant in the gaseous and solid phases. We recently developed a model to simulate CO hydrogenation via H atoms on…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-14 H. M. Cuppen , E. F. van Dishoeck , E. Herbst , A. G. G. M. Tielens

Recent astrochemical models and experiments have explained that complex organic molecules (COMs; molecules composed of six or more atoms) are produced on the dust grain mantles in cold and dense gas in prestellar cores. However, the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-11-16 Giseon Baek , Jeong-Eun Lee , Tomoya Hirota , Kee-Tae Kim , Mi Kyoung Kim