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The standard model of GRB afterglows assumes that the radiation observed as a delayed emission is of synchrotron origin, which requires the shock magnetic field to be relatively homogeneous on small scales. An alternative mechanism --…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-11 Mikhail V. Medvedev , Davide Lazzati , Brian C. Morsony , Jared C. Workman

Gamma-ray bursts may occur within pulsar wind bubbles (PWBs) under a number of scenarios, such as the supranova-like models in which the progenitor pulsar drives a powerful wind shocking against the ambient medium before it comes to death…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 X. Y. Wang , Z. G. Dai , T. Lu

Gamma-ray bursts (GRB) are generally believed to be efficient particle accelerators. In the presence of energetic protons in a GRB jet, interactions between these protons and intense radiation field of the GRB are supposed to induce…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-02-01 Ruo-Yu Liu , Hai-Ming Zhang , Xiang-Yu Wang

We present a leptonic model on the external shock framework to describe the long- and short- lasting GeV component of some GRBs. This model was already applied successfully to GRB 090926A, and we extend it to describe the high-energy…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2012-12-19 N. Fraija , M. M. Gonzalez , R. Sacahui , W. H. Lee

We analyzed 199 GRBs detected by Fermi-LAT during the years 2008-2019. We found 67 photons at energies >=10 GeV, which come from 34 GRBs. Out of these 34 GRBs, Fermi-LAT detects significant (TS>=4) afterglow 0.1-200 GeV photons from 25…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-02-21 Xin-Bo He , Pak-Hin Thomas Tam , Guang-Bo Long , Yong Zhang

The prompt emission of Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) could be composed of different spectral components, such as a dominant non-thermal Band component in the keV-MeV range, a subdominant quasi-thermal component, and an additional hard non-thermal…

Evidence suggests that the gamma-ray burst (GRB) ejecta is likely magnetized, although the degree of magnetization of the ejecta is unknown. We derive a rigorous analytical solution for the relativistic 90 degree shocks under the ideal MHD…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Bing Zhang , Shiho Kobayashi

The detection of TeV gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) brought new opportunities for studying the physics of particle acceleration at relativistic shocks. The \hess telescopes recently observed very-high-energy (VHE) emission from a nearby…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-02-09 B. Theodore Zhang , Kohta Murase , Péter Veres , Péter Mészáros

We discuss the synchrotron emission of fast cooling electrons in shocks. The fast cooling electrons behind the shocks can generate a position-dependent inhomogeneous electron distribution if they do not have enough time to mix…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-04-27 Xiao-hong Zhao , Jin-ming Bai

We consider the 0.1-10 GeV rest frame light curves of 10 GRBs detected by LAT and with known redshift. In all cases the emission persists after the prompt has faded away. This extended emission decays in time as a power-law. The decay slope…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2013-08-27 L. Nava , G. Vianello , N. Omodei , G. Ghisellini , G. Ghirlanda , A. Celotti , F. Longo , R. Desiante

Synchrotron radiation from the reverse- and forward-shock regions typically describes the evolution of temporal and spectral features given by the closure relations (CRs) during the late and long-/short-lasting emission in the afterglow…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-30 Nissim Fraija , B. Betancourt Kamenetskaia , Antonio Galván Gámez , Maria G. Dainotti , Hermes León Vargas

The light curve of the TeV emission in GRB 221009A displays a smooth transition from an initial rapid rise to a slower rise and eventually a decay phase. The smooth temporal profile of the TeV emission suggests that it mainly results from…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-10-10 Cui-Yuan Dai , Jian-He Zheng , Xiao-Hong Zhao , Ruo-Yu Liu , Xiang-Yu Wang

It has recently been proposed that ultrahigh energy ($\gtrsim 10^{19}$ eV) cosmic rays (UHECRs) are accelerated by the blast waves associated with GRBs. We calculate the observed synchrotron radiation spectrum from protons and energetic…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 M. Boettcher , C. D. Dermer

Recently, Fermi-LAT detected GeV emission during the X-ray flaring activity in GRB 100728A. We study various scenarios for its origin. The hard spectrum of the GeV emission favors the external inverse-Compton origin in which X-ray flare…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-03 Hao-Ning He , Bin-Bin Zhang , Xiang-Yu Wang , Zhuo Li , Peter Mészáros

I calculate the emission expected from a Poynting-flux-dominated gamma-ray burst (GRB) flow in which energy is dissipated gradually by magnetic reconnection. In this picture, the energy of the radiating particles is determined by heating…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Dimitrios Giannios

We report on the multiwavelength observations of the bright, long gamma-ray burst \GRB, by the \Fermi and \Swift observatories, and by the MOA and GROND optical telescopes. The analysis of the prompt phase reveals that \GRB shares many…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2013-01-11 LAT Collaboration , GBM Collaboration , Swift Collaboration , GROND Collaboration , the MOA Collaboration

We consider the synchrotron emission from relativistic shocks assuming that the radiating electrons cool rapidly (either through synchrotron or any other radiation mechanism). It is shown that the theory of synchrotron emission in the fast…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 E. V. Derishev

A small fraction of X-ray photons from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), after escaping the relativistic jet, are scattered by electrons in the circumburst medium. Subsequent photon-photon absorption between the incoming MeV $\gamma$-rays and the…

Recently, the MAGIC Collaboration reported a $\sim 5\sigma$ statistical significance of the very-high-energy (VHE) emission from a distant GRB, GRB 201216C. Such distant GRB may be effectively absorbed by the extragalactic background light…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-06-15 Yan Huang

The long-lasting tension between the observed spectra of gamma ray bursts (GRBs) and the predicted synchrotron emission spectrum might be solved if electrons do not completely cool. Evidence for incomplete cooling was recently found in…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-05-15 M. E. Ravasio , G. Ghirlanda , L. Nava , G. Ghisellini