Related papers: Why do Particle Clouds Generate Electric Charges?
Expressions for the ion and electron thermal forces acting on a charged grain, suspended in a weakly ionized plasma subject to temperature gradients, are derived. The main emphasize is on the conditions pertinent to the investigations of…
We calculate the formation of dust clouds in atmospheres of giant gas-planets. The chemical structure and the evolution of the grain size distribution in the dust cloud layer is discussed based on a consistent treatment of seed formation,…
Current models predict particles of the same material but different sizes to charge bipolar upon contacts; the resulting charge peaks endanger process safety. However, we found wall-bounded turbulence to suppress the powder's electrostatic…
We investigate the role of intense vortical structures, similar to those in a turbulent flow, in enhancing collisions (and coalescences) which lead to the formation of large aggregates in particle-laden flows. By using a Burgers vortex…
The extremely large electromagnetic fields generated in heavy-ion collisions provide access to novel observables that are expected to constrain various key transport properties of the quark-gluon plasma and could help solve one of the…
The charging and dissolution of mineral surfaces in contact with flowing liquids are ubiquitous in nature, as most minerals in water spontaneously acquire charge and dissolve. Mineral dissolution has been studied extensively under…
Recent IR observations indicate that many massive binary systems present dust formation episodes, in regions close to the stars, during the periastron passage. These systems are known to be high-energy sources, and it is believed that wind…
We investigate the combined effect of solar wind, Poynting-Robertson drag, and the frozen-in interplanetary magnetic field on the motion of charged dust grains in our solar system. For this reason we derive a secular theory of motion by the…
Contact electrification, or contact charging, refers to the process of static charge accumulation after rubbing, or even simple touching, of two materials. Despite its relevance in static electricity, various natural phenomena, and numerous…
We propose that interstellar extreme scattering events, usually observed as pulsar scintillations, may be caused by a coherent agent rather than the usually assumed turbulence of $\rm H_2$ clouds. We find that the penetration of a flux of…
Semi-empirical molecular dynamics is used to simulate hydrocarbon grain sputtering and collisions which are extremely difficult to study experimentally. This microscopic and dynamic approach is particularly suited to high velocity impacts,…
Charge fluctuations studied on event-by-event basis have been recently suggested to provide a signal of the equilibrium quark-gluon plasma produced in heavy-ion collisions at high energies. It is argued that the fluctuations generated at…
Compact acceleration of a tightly collimated relativistic electron beam with high charge from a laser-plasma interaction has many unique applications. However, currently the well-known schemes, including laser wakefield acceleration from…
Supernova ejecta and stellar winds are believed to produce interstellar dust grains with relatively large sizes. Smaller grains can be produced via the shattering of large grains that have been stochastically accelerated. To understand this…
The interaction of dust grains originating from the local interstellar cloud with the environment inside the heliosphere is investigated. As a consequence of this interaction the spatial distribution of interstellar dust grains changes with…
In solid state materials, gradients of the electro-chemical potential, the temperature, or the spin-chemical potential drive the flow of charge, heat, and spin angular momentum, resulting in a net transport of energy. Beyond the primary…
Particles of the cosmic radiation, electrons and nuclei, transport a dominant positive electric charge. A tiny fraction of these particles of extremely high energies in favorable conditions overflow from galaxies. The overflowing of…
The interaction between emerging and pre-existing magnetic fields in the solar atmosphere can trigger several dynamic phenomena, such as eruptions and jets. A key element during this interaction is the formation of large scale current…
A dust grain in a plasma has a fluctuating electric charge, and past work concludes that spherical grains in a stationary, collisionless plasma have an essentially Gaussian charge probability distribution. This paper extends that work to…
Electrostatic charging of insulating fine particles can be responsible for numerous phenomena ranging from lightning in volcanic plumes to dust explosions. However, even basic aspects of how fine particles become charged are still unclear.…