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We introduce a common generalization of essentially all known methods for explicit computation of Selmer groups, which are used to bound the ranks of abelian varieties over global fields. We also simplify and extend the proofs relating what…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-08-03 Nils Bruin , Bjorn Poonen , Michael Stoll

We describe the ring of modular forms of degree 2 in characteristic 2 using its relation with curves of genus 2.

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2020-08-20 Fabien Cléry , Gerard van der Geer

We show that elliptic curves with complex multiplication (CM) naturally emerge in the spectral geometry of Hermitian one-matrix models in the two-cut phase. Focusing on a symmetric quartic potential, we derive the corresponding genus-one…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-09-23 Ali Nassar

In this paper we obtain conditions on the divisors of the group order of the Jacobian of a hyperelliptic genus 2 curve, generated by the complex multiplication method described by Weng (2003) and Gaudry (2005). Examples, where these…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Christian Robenhagen Ravnshoj

We construct a birational model of the generalised Kummer fourfold of the Jacobian of a genus two curve, based on a geometric interpretation of the addition law on this Jacobian, obtained by the properties of the linear system of cubics on…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2025-05-23 Samuel Boissiere , Marc Nieper-Wisskirchen , Gregory Sankaran

S.-W. Zhang recently introduced a new adelic invariant for curves of genus at least 2 over number fields and function fields. We calculate this invariant when the genus is equal to 2.

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2014-02-26 Robin de Jong

The formulas for local root numbers of abelian varieties of dimension one are known. In this paper we treat the simplest unknown case in dimension two by considering a curve of genus 2 defined over a $5$-adic field such that the inertia…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-10-06 Lukas Melninkas

We compute the rational Chow class of the locus of genus 2 curves admitting a d-to-1 map to a genus 1 curve, recovering a result of Faber-Pagani when d=2. The answer exhibits quasi-modularity properties similar to those in the Gromov-Witten…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2020-09-30 Carl Lian

We give a practical method to compute the 2-torsion subgroup of the Jacobian of a non-hyperelliptic curve of genus $3$, $4$ or $5$. The method is based on the correspondence between the 2-torsion subgroup and the theta hyperplanes to the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-10-22 Elvira Lupoian

Let C be an arbitrary smooth algebraic curve of genus g over a large finite field K. We revisit fast addition algorithms in the Jacobian of C due to Khuri-Makdisi (math.NT/0409209, to appear in Math. Comp.). The algorithms, which reduce to…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-08-23 Fatima K. Abu Salem , Kamal Khuri-Makdisi

Let $\mathcal X$ be a genus 2 curve defined over a field $K$, $\mbox{char} K = p \geq 0$, and $\mbox{Jac} (\mathcal X, \iota)$ its Jacobian, where $\iota$ is the principal polarization of $\mbox{Jac} (\mathcal X)$ attached to $\mathcal X$.…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2019-10-07 Lubjana Beshaj , Artur Elezi , Tony Shaska

In general, algorithms for computing the Selmer group of the Jacobian of a curve have relied on either homogeneous spaces or functions on the curve. We present a theoretical analysis of algorithms which use functions on the curve, and show…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-07-31 Edward F. Schaefer

An effective method of computing division polynomials in terms of Mumford coordinates is presented. As an example, division polynomials for $3$- and $4$-torsion divisors on a genus two curve are obtained explicitly in terms of Mumford…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2026-04-28 Julia Bernatska

For a genus $2$ curve $C$ over $\mathbb{Q}$ whose Jacobian $A$ admits only trivial geometric endomorphisms, Serre's open image theorem for abelian surfaces asserts that there are only finitely many primes $\ell$ for which the Galois action…

We describe a method to determine all the isomorphism classes of principal polarizations of the modular abelian surfaces $A_f$ with quaternionic multiplication attached to a normalized newform $f$ without complex multiplication. We include…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-05-13 Josep Gonzalez , Jordi Guardia

We give equations for 13 genus-2 curves over $\overline{\mathbb{Q}}$, with models over $\mathbb{Q}$, whose unpolarized Jacobians are isomorphic to the square of an elliptic curve with complex multiplication by a maximal order. If the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-02-13 Alexandre Gélin , Everett W. Howe , Christophe Ritzenthaler

We study an integer sequence associated with Cantor's division polynomials of a genus 2 curve having an integral point. We show that the reduction modulo $p$ of such a sequence is periodic for all but finitely many primes $p$, and describe…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-03 Yasuhiro Ishitsuka , Tetsushi Ito , Tatsuya Ohshita , Takashi Taniguchi , Yukihiro Uchida

Let $\mathbb F_{q^2}$ be the finite field with $q^2$ elements. We provide a simple and effective method, using reciprocal polynomials, for the construction of algebraic curves over $\mathbb F_{q^2}$ with many rational points. The curves…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-10-22 Rohit Gupta , Erik A. R. Mendoza , Luciane Quoos

We construct six infinite series of families of pairs of curves (X,Y) of arbitrarily high genus, defined over number fields, together with an explicit isogeny from the Jacobian of X to the Jacobian of Y splitting multiplication by 2, 3, or…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-02-20 Benjamin Smith

In 2015, Abatzoglou, Silverberg, Sutherland, and Wong presented a framework for primality proving algorithms for special sequences of integers using an elliptic curve with complex multiplication. They applied their framework to obtain…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-08-12 Hiroshi Onuki