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In his 2005 paper, S.T. Smith proposed an intrinsic Cram\'er-Rao bound on the variance of estimators of a parameter defined on a Riemannian manifold. In the present technical note, we consider the special case where the parameter lives in a…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2015-09-17 Silvère Bonnabel , Axel Barrau

We determine the bound to the maximum achievable sensitivity in the estimation of a scalar parameter from the information contained in an optical image in the presence of quantum noise. This limit, based on the Cramer-Rao bound, is valid…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-08-16 Vincent Delaubert , Nicolas Treps , Claude Fabre , Hans A. Bachor , Philippe Réfrégier

We derive the optimal measurement for quantum state discrimination without a priori probabilities, i.e. in a minimax strategy instead of the usually considered Bayesian one. We consider both minimal-error and unambiguous discrimination…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-02 Giacomo Mauro D'Ariano , Massimiliano Federico Sacchi , Jonas Kahn

In the paper the Bayesian and the least squares methods of quantum state tomography are compared for a single qubit. The quality of the estimates are compared by computer simulation when the true state is either mixed or pure. The fidelity…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Th. Baier , K. M. Hangos , A. Magyar , D. Petz

A usual assumption in quantum estimation is that the unknown parameter labels the possible states of the system, while it influences neither the sample space of outcomes nor the measurement aimed at extracting information on the parameter…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-01-18 Luigi Seveso , Matteo A. C. Rossi , Matteo G. A. Paris

Quantum metrology protocols are typically designed around the assumption that we have an abundance of measurement data, but recent practical applications are increasingly driving interest in cases with very limited data. In this regime the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-18 Jesús Rubio , Jacob Dunningham

To achieve the joint active and passive beamforming gains in the reconfigurable intelligent surface assisted millimeter wave system, the reflected cascade channel needs to be accurately estimated. Many strategies have been proposed in the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-09-22 Yiming Liu , Erwu Liu , Rui Wang , Zhu Han , Binyu Lu

The laws of quantum mechanics place fundamental limits on the accuracy of measurements and therefore on the estimation of unknown parameters of a quantum system. In this work, we prove lower bounds on the size of confidence regions reported…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-12-23 Michael Walter , Joseph M. Renes

Quantum Cram\'er--Rao theory is intrinsically local: it bounds precision near a specified parameter value, and its saturating measurement generally depends on that value. Barankin-type bounds use finite parameter displacements, but remain…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-28 Hai-Long Shi , Augusto Smerzi

We identify the critical deviation scale governing Bayesian evidence accumulation in regular parametric testing. Under integrated Bayes risk with zero-one loss, the risk-optimal rejection boundary lies in a moderate deviation regime, with a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-23 Jyotishka Datta , Nicholas G. Polson , Vadim Sokolov , Daniel Zantedeschi

I propose quantum versions of the Ziv-Zakai bounds as alternatives to the widely used quantum Cram\'er-Rao bounds for quantum parameter estimation. From a simple form of the proposed bounds, I derive both a "Heisenberg" error limit that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-06-07 Mankei Tsang

Quantum phase estimation is an important component in diverse quantum algorithms. However, it suffers from spectral leakage, when the reciprocal of the record length is not an integer multiple of the unknown phase, which incurs an accuracy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-17 Yifeng Xiong , Soon Xin Ng , Gui-Lu Long , Lajos Hanzo

Surprisingly often decoherence is due to classical fluctuations of ambient fields and may thus be described in terms of random unitary (RU) dynamics. However, there are decoherence channels where such a representation cannot exist. Based on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-12-09 Julius Kayser , Kimmo Luoma , Walter T. Strunz

We study the estimation of an unknown quantum channel $\mathcal{E}$ with input dimension $d_1$, output dimension $d_2$ and Kraus rank at most $r$. We establish a connection between the query complexities in two models: (i) access to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-04 Kean Chen , Nengkun Yu , Zhicheng Zhang

The field of quantum metrology seeks to apply quantum techniques and/or resources to classical sensing approaches with the goal of enhancing the precision in the estimation of a parameter beyond what can be achieved with classical…

Quantum-enhanced (i.e., higher performance by quantum effects than any classical methods) mean value estimation of observables is a fundamental task in various quantum technologies; in particular, it is an essential subroutine in quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-11 Kaito Wada , Kazuma Fukuchi , Naoki Yamamoto

We study the problem of quantum channel discrimination between two channels with an adversary input party (a.k.a. a jammer). This setup interpolates between the best-case channel discrimination as studied by (Wang & Wilde, 2019) and the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-10 Kun Fang , Michael X. Cao

In this paper the problem of assessing bounds on the accuracy of pilot-based estimation of a bandlimited frequency selective communication channel is tackled. Mean square error is taken as a figure of merit in channel estimation and a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2012-03-14 Francesco Montorsi , Giorgio M. Vitetta

For a fixed average energy, the simultaneous estimation of multiple phases can provide a better total precision than estimating them individually. We show this for a multimode interferometer with a phase in each mode, using Gaussian inputs…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-03 Christos N. Gagatsos , Dominic Branford , Animesh Datta

Quantum effects like entanglement and coherent amplification can be used to drastically enhance the accuracy of quantum parameter estimation beyond classical limits. However, challenges such as decoherence and time-dependent errors hinder…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-18 Yulong Dong , Jonathan A. Gross , Murphy Yuezhen Niu
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