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The classical theory of electromagnetism is based on Maxwell's macroscopic equations, an energy postulate, a momentum postulate, and a generalized form of the Lorentz law of force. These seven postulates constitute the foundation of a…
Recently, a number of experimental observations on the superluminal group velocities of pulses propagating in dispersive media have led to reconsidering electromagnetism theory in an unconventional framework. To consider faster-than-light…
Though sufficient for local conservation of charge, Maxwells displacement current is not necessary. An alternative to the Ampere-Maxwell equation is exhibited and the alternatives electric and magnetic fields and scalar and vector…
We begin by reviewing the derivation of generalized Maxwell equations from an operational definition of the electromagnetic field and the most basic notions of what constitutes a dynamical field theory. These equations encompass the…
Coupling effects among different physical fields substantially reflect the conversion of energies from one form into another. For simple physical processes, their governing or constitutive equations all satisfy the law of conservation of…
It is well known that the source-free Maxwell equations are invariant under electric-magnetic duality rotations, F --> F cos {\theta} + *F sin {\theta}. These transformations are indeed a symmetry of the theory in Noether sense. The…
Multipolar solutions of Maxwell's equations are used in many practical applications and are essential for the understanding of light-matter interactions at the fundamental level. Unlike the set of plane wave solutions of electromagnetic…
Electromagnetic waves in a dynamical axion background exhibit superluminal group velocities at high frequencies and instabilities at low frequencies, altering how photons propagate through space. Local disturbances propagate causally, but…
We derive the expressions for canonical energy, momentum, and angular momentum for multiple metric theories. We prove that although the metric fields are generally interacting, the total energy is the sum of conserved energies corresponding…
We show that weak solutions of the relativistic Vlasov-Maxwell system preserve the total energy provided that the electromagnetic field is locally of bounded variation and, for any $\lambda$> 0, the one-particle distribution function has a…
We speculate that the universe may be filled with a visco-elastic continuum which may be called aether. Thus, the Maxwell's equations in vacuum are derived by methods of continuum mechanics based on a continuum mechanical model of vacuum…
This article contains a digest of the theory of electromagnetism and a review of the transformation between inertial frames, especially under low speed limits. The covariant nature of the Maxwell's equations is explained using the…
The macroscopic equations of Maxwell combined with a generalized form of the Lorentz law are a complete and consistent set; not only are these five equations fully compatible with the special theory of relativity, they also conform with the…
We calculate, in the free Maxwell theory, the renormalized quantum vacuum expectation value of the two-point magnetic correlation function in de Sitter inflation. We find that quantum magnetic fluctuations remain constant during inflation…
The constraint equations in Maxwell theory are investigated. In analogy with some recent results on the constraints of general relativity it is shown, regardless of the signature and dimension of the ambient space, that the "divergence of a…
An exact solution of the Maxwell equations in Rindler coordinates is obtained. The electromagnetic field represents a wave preserving its shape in a relativistic uniformly accelerated frame. The relation with Airy beams is shown explicitly…
Continuum electrodynamics is an axiomatic formal theory based on the macroscopic Maxwell equations and the constitutive relations. We apply the formal theory to a thermodynamically closed system consisting of an antireflection coated block…
In both the equations for matter and light wave propagation, the momentum of the electromagnetic fields Pe reflects the relevant em interaction. As a review of some applications of wave propagation properties, an optical experiment which…
In general relativity, Maxwell's equations are embedded in curved spacetime through the minimal prescription, but this could change if strong-gravity modifications are present. We show that with a nonminimal coupling between gravity and a…
The duality relation between the electric and magnetic fields, in the presence of an additional axion-like field, is considered. We derive the new equations that describe the electrodynamics in this model, and we discuss the implications…