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Main results and techniques of the fractional calculus of variations are surveyed. We consider variational problems containing Caputo derivatives and study them using both indirect and direct methods. In particular, we provide necessary…
We consider Calder\'{o}n's inverse boundary value problems for a class of nonlinear Helmholtz Schr\"{o}dinger equations and Maxwell's equations in a bounded domain in $\R^n$. The main method is the higher-order linearization of the…
This paper is concerned with a time-inconsistent stochastic optimal control problem in an infinite time horizon with a non-degenerate diffusion in the state equation. A major assumption is that people become rational after a large time.…
We consider a class of singular Liouville equations on compact surfaces motivated by the study of Electroweak and Self-Dual Chern-Simons theories, the Gaussian curvature prescription with conical singularities and Onsager's description of…
We elucidate consistency of the so-called corner equations which are elementary building blocks of Euler-Lagrange equations for two-dimensional pluri-Lagrangian problems. We show that their consistency can be derived from the existence of…
We study a boundary-value quasilinear elliptic problem on a generic time scale. Making use of the fixed-point index theory, sufficient conditions are given to obtain existence, multiplicity, and infinite solvability of positive solutions.
We prove Euler-Lagrange and natural boundary necessary optimality conditions for fractional problems of the calculus of variations which are given by a composition of functionals. Our approach uses the recent notions of Riemann-Liouville…
We study a multiobjective variational problem on time scales. For this problem, necessary and sufficient conditions for weak local Pareto optimality are given. We also prove a necessary optimality condition for the isoperimetric problem…
The problem of existence of solutions to nabla differential equations and nabla differential inclusions on time scales is considered. Under a special form of the set-valued constraint map, sufficient conditions for the existence of at least…
Modified gravity models such as Ho\v{r}ava-Lifshitz gravity or Einstein-{\ae}ther theory violate local Lorentz invariance and therefore destroy the notion of a universal light cone. Despite this, in the infrared limit both models above…
We characterize the existence of the $L^1$ solutions of the truncated moments problem in several real variables on unbounded supports by the existence of the maximum of certain concave Lagrangian functions. A natural regularity assumption…
This work contains an exposition of foundations of the variational calculus in fibered manifolds. The emphasis is laid on the geometric aspects of the theory. Especially functionals defined by real functions (Lagrange functions) or…
We present a variational approach which shows that the wave functions belonging to quantum systems in different potential landscapes, are pairwise linked to each other through a generalized continuity equation. This equation contains a…
We investigate static, spherically symmetric solutions in gravitational theories which have limited curvature invariants, aiming to remove the singularity in the Schwarzschild space-time. We find that if we only limit the Gauss-Bonnet term…
We revisit rescaling methods for nonlinear elliptic and parabolic problems and show that, by suitable modifications, they may be used for nonlinearities that are not scale invariant even asymptotically and whose behavior can be quite far…
We derive the Euler-Lagrange equation corresponding to a variant of non-Euclidean constrained von Karman theories.
Some classical and recent results on the Euler equations governing perfect (incompressible and inviscid) fluid motion are collected and reviewed, with some small novelties scattered throughout. The perspective and emphasis will be given…
We begin by presenting the classical deterministic problems of the calculus of variations, with emphasis on the necessary optimality conditions of Euler-Lagrange and the Noether theorem. As examples of application, we obtain the…
It is a remarkable fact that all processes occurring in the observable Universe are irreversible, whereas the equations through which the fundamental laws of physics are formulated are invariant under time reversal. The emergence of…
The Herglotz problem is a generalization of the fundamental problem of the calculus of variations. In this paper, we consider a class of non-differentiable functions, where the dynamics is described by a scale derivative. Necessary…